1: Aíbell ingen Chernacháin - New Name
Submitter desires a female name.
Sound most important.
The submitter supplies Academy of Saint Gabriel report no. 885 which lists <Ai/bell ingen Chernacha/in> as one of three full names recommended as "appropriate for early period." The name was submitted to kingdom as <Aibell ingen Chernachain>, without the acute indicated in the documentation. It appears that the submitter either overlooked or misread the acute accents indicated by the forward strokes in the academy report. We have added these accents at kingdom to reflect the documented forms.
Aibell - OCM, p. 15, s.n. Aíbell: Aoibheall, state: "One of the old Irish goddesses. According to some legends she is a supernatural lady who lives in the fairy-mound of Craig Liath near Killaloe, Co Clare, and who appeared to Brian Boru on the eve of the battle of Clontarf. In other stories there is mention of Aíbell Grúadsolus ('Aíbell of the bright cheeks') who is daughter of the king of Munster." This last would seem to imply an historical, rather than purely legendary use.
The LoAR of September 2001, s.n. Aíbell Shúlglas, states:
Aíbell is listed in Ó Corráin and Maguire (p. 15 s.n. Aíbell). The main person discussed under this entry is an Irish goddess. Two others are a daughter of an Ulster warrior and a daughter of a king of Munster mentioned in stories. The entry is not clear whether these last two women are only legendary or not, so we are giving the submitter the benefit of the doubt at this time.
Chernachain - Mari Elspeth nic Bryan, "Index of Names in Irish Annals: Cernachán" (WWW: Kathleen M. O'Brien, 2002) [URL: http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/mari/AnnalsIndex/Masculine/Cernachan.shtml] gives <Cernacháin> as the normalized genitive spelling for Middle Irish Gaelic (c900-c1200) and counts three men with the name found in years 866, 1037 and 1158. The -h- is added for lenition as per Sharon L. Krossa's "The Spelling of Lenited Consonants in Gaelic" [http://medievalscotland.org/scotlang/lenition.shtml].
2: Aíbell Shuluaine - New Name Change
Old Item: Aíbell Shúlglas, to be
retained.
Submitter desires a female name.
Sound most important.
Her current name, Aíbell Shúlglas, was registered in September 2001 via Æthelmearc. The name had originally been submitted to kingdom as Aíbell Suiléan Uaine, was changed at kingdom to Aíbell Súil-uaine, and registered as Aíbell Shúlglas. At that time, the submission forms indicated that the submitter cared most about the meaning "green-eyed".
The submitter here requests that the changes made by Laurel upon registration be reconsidered and she indicates that if the name must be changed, the sound of the name, rather than the meaning, is most important to her. The form she has chosen to submit here reflects the changes made by Laurel to the prototheme, Shúl-, but preserves the deuterotheme, -uaine, as originally submitted.
The name was changed at Laurel with the following comments:
Submitted as Aíbell Sùil-uaine, the submitter did not have a request for authenticity, allows minor changes, and notes that if her name must be changed, the meaning 'green-eyed' is most important. Aíbell is listed in Ó Corráin and Maguire (p. 15 s.n. Aíbell). The main person discussed under this entry is an Irish goddess. Two others are a daughter of an Ulster warrior and a daughter of a king of Munster mentioned in stories. The entry is not clear whether these last two women are only legendary or not, so we are giving the submitter the benefit of the doubt at this time.The main problem with this name was with the submitted byname Sùil-uaine. Sufficient evidence was found by the College that a descriptive byname meaning 'green-eyed' would be reasonable in Irish Gaelic in period. Though we are not completely certain what form a period byname with this meaning would take, we are certain it would not be the submitted Sùil-uaine since the word used to refer to green eye-color is glas not uaine. The Dictionary of the Irish Language (s.v. súil) lists the compound súilglas which combines súil 'eye' with glas 'green', but give no dates for this word. The Annals of the Four Masters, in the year 624, have suile glasa as part of the text of the entry (as opposed to being included in a name), which gives evidence that glas was used in conjunction with sùil in period.
Bynames meaning '-eyed' using the element -súileach were discussed by the College. All of these date from the 11th C or later and so were not necessarily used earlier. Aíbell is an early name (assuming its use was not strictly legendary). The early form of a byname combining súil and glas would be súlglas (using súl, the early form of súil). Shúlglas is the lenited form which would be used in a woman's byname.
The documentation, as it appeared in Æthelmearc LoI #47 dated February 27, 2001 follows:
Aíbell Súil-uaine (F) - new name, originally submitted as Aíbell Suiléan Uaine the name was altered to give the submitter the intended meaning "green-eyed"Aíbell - O'C&M, pg. 15, (sn. Aibell) - Aíbell is the daughter of Celtchar man Uithechair and Aíbril Grúadsolus is the daughter of the king of Munster.
Súil-uaine - MacLysaght, p 280, has O'Súileacháin and O'Súileabháin derived from Súil (eye) and suúleach (quick eyed), and the glossary in Teach Yourself Gaelic has Súil, Súileach as "eye". Ibid lists Uaine as Green.
"Celt text (http://imbolc.ucc.ie) search of suil found Dubsuilech (Dark Eyed, also found in Black, pg. 224), Luathsuilig (probably quick eye or bright eye), suil tainic Cairraigi (probably narrow eyed, but used as a proper descriptive rather than a given or byname). Searching on uaine found the byname Sriubh-uaine (although I can't find any indications of what Sriubh means) and brat-uaine (green mantle or veil)." -- Margaret Macafee, Cornelian Herald
If her name is registered, her old name is to be retained as an alternate name.
Lastly, the submission forms indicated that this was both a "change of name", and a "reconsideration of change." Since the changes made by Laurel were for registerability, rather than authenticity, it was unclear to us whether this is a "change of name," a "request for reconsideration" or an appeal. We have elected to treat it as a change of name, and fees to Laurel have been included in the item count.
3: Aurelio di Baldasare - New Name
Submitter desires a male name.
Sound most important.
Language (Italian) most important.
Culture (Italian) most important.
The given name was originally submitted to kingdom as Aurèlio. However, Albion drew our attention to the following, which indicates that the accent should be removed:
"Artemisia di Serena. Name. Submitted as Artemisia Seréna, the submitter requested authenticity for 16th C Italian and allowed any changes. The accent marks in De Felice are for pronunciation only. Therefore, we have removed the accent from the byname." [LoAR 02/2002]
We have therefore removed the accent from the given name.
Aurelio - De Felice, Dizionario dei Nomi Italiani, p. 82, s.n. Aurèlio, states that the name is distributed through all Italy ("Largamente distribuito in tutta l'Italia") and appears to describe it as derived from the Roman Aurelius.
Aryanhwy merch Catmael, "Italian Masculine Given Names for 15th and 16th c. Viterbo" lists one occurrence of Aurelio in 1486.
Baldasare - Aryanhwy merch Catmael, op.cit., lists one occurrence of Baldassarre dated to 1486. The submitter prefers the spelling Baldasare.
De Felice, Dizionario dei Cognomi Italiani, p. 67, s.n. Baldasarri, gives Baldassare as a variant, but gives no variants with a single -s-.
Isabelle Hyman, "Notes and Speculations on S. Lorenzo, Palazzo Medici, and an Urban Project by Brunelleschi" (The Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, Vo. 34, No. 2 May, 1975, pp. 98-120) [copies provided] includes a transcription of selected items from a ledger maintained for Cosimo de' Medici from 1441-1452. An entry on folio 123 of the manuscript records a payment to <baldasare bonfi>.
The website of the Casa Matha in Ravenna includes the article "La Casa Matha secondo la critica storica odierna" [URL: http://www.casamatha.it/critica.htm]. One of the documents transcribed in the appendix appears to have been witnessed by a <Baldasare filio condam Sanctis de Barroncellis> in 1506.
Lastly, La Legge del Catasta Fioretino del 1427 (Firenze, Bernardo Seeber, 1906) by Otto Karmin, Archivio di Stato di Firenze, p. 73 [copies provided] lists <Nicholò di Baldasare>. This volume is viewable through Google books [URL:http://books.google.com/books?id=cCoQO-a3arAC&pg=PA1&dq=catasto+fiorentino]
4: Clemente de Warrewyk - New Name & New Device
Per saltire Or and sable, four anchors counterchanged.
Submitter desires a male name.
Language (13th-14th century English) most important.
Culture (13th-14th century English) most important.
Clemente - Withycombe, p. 69, s.n. Clement, dates the spelling Clement to 1273.
Corpus of Middle English Prose and Verse, "Medieval records of a London city church: churchwardens' accounts and memoranda" under Churchwardens' Accounts A.D. 1479 & 1481, s.v. "Rewardis & potacions amonge þe tenauntes, & in oþer costes in ouerseyng of þe workys by the same space, &c." [URL: http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=cme;cc=cme;view=text;idno=ajt8135;rgn=div3;node=ajt8135%3A3.13.30], p. 112, gives a listing of persons who owe monies, including <Clemente atte hylle>.
de Warrewyk - Bardsley, s.n. Warwick, lists:
John de Warrewyc, York, 1273
John de Warewyk, Oxford, 1273
5: Clewin Kupferhelbelinc - New Name & New Device
Per bend gules and azure, a bend between two tankards Or.
Submitter desires a male name.
No major changes.
Clewin - Socin, p. 7, s.n. Clewin gives:
Clewin Heyme Rufach XIV/XV BKlClewin Ku'nige von Rufach BKl = (?) Claus Ku'nig BKl
Clewin Frische Werenshausen sp BGn
Clewin Halderlin von Sultzmat BKl
Clewin Steineburnen Rufach BKl
Clewin Suter Pfafenheim sp BGn
Our kingdom copy of Socin is an umpteenth generation photocopy. The <u'> above is used to represent what appears to be a u with a single dot. The sources for the data are given as follows:
BKl = Akten des Klosters Klingenthal in Basel. Urkunden, Güter- und Zlasverzeichnisse. Ms.BGn = Akten des Klosters Gnadenthal in Basel. Ms. Güter- und Zinsverzelchnisse aus dem Elsas XIII./XIV. Jh. [13th/14th cent.]
Aryanhwy merch Catmael, "German Names from Rottweil, Baden-Würtemburg, 1441" [URL: http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/german/rottweil1441.html] counts three occurrences of the submitted spelling in the data set of roughly 1350 men and woman taken from a 1441 taxation record from Rottweil, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
Kupferhelbelinc - Brian M. Scott, "Some Early Middle High German Bynames with Emphasis on Names from the Bavarian Dialect Area" (WWW: Brian M. Scott, 2004) [URL: http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/Early_German_Bynames.html] lists the byname with the following entry:
KUPFERHELBELINC: From MHG kupfer `copper' and helbelinc `1/2 Pfennig'.* Godefridus cognominatus Cupferhelbeling 1201
6: Collette de Paris - New Device Change
Azure, a lion of Saint Mark statant guardant and on a chief argent three fleurs-de-lys azure.
Old Item: Azure, a chevron embattled ermine, between two
crescents and a lion passant, a bordure argent, to be released.
Her name and previous device, Azure, a chevron embattled ermine, between two crescents and a lion passant, a bordure argent, was registered in November 2005 via Æthelmearc.
7: Eilonwydd verch Llewelyn Sutor Gwynedd - New Name & New Device
Per pale argent and vert, an oak leaf and an acorn inverted counterchanged, in base a baronial coronet Or, all within a bordure embattled purpure.
Submitter desires a female name.
Client requests authenticity for 13th century Welsh.
Language (13th century Welsh) most important.
Culture (13th century Welsh) most important.
The submitter provided no name documentation. However, the kingdom college was able to find:
Eilonwydd - In e-mail correspondence, the submitter clarified that this is meant to be a constructed given name, constructed along the lines of the name Eilonwy as described in Tangwystyl verch Morgant Glasvryn's article "Concerning the Name 'Eilonwy'" (WWW: Heather Rose Jones, 1997) [URL: http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/eilonwy.html]. In that article, Tangwystyl atates:
The name "Eilonwy" is found as the given name of a female character in a modern juvenile fantasy series by Lloyd Alexander, very loosely based on medieval Welsh literature [1]. Many of Alexander's character names are actually found in period Welsh literature, but although "Eilonwy" is composed of elements that can be found in historic Welsh names, it appears that Alexander invented this name. No example of "Eilonwy" has been found in period sources."Eilonwy" could be postulated as a constructed given name, based on period names such as "Eilfyw" (m), "Eiludd" (m), etc. and "Euronwy" (f), "Goronwy" (m), "Llifonwy" (m), "Tegonwy" (m) [2]. Alexander may have used these names as his starting-point in inventing "Eilonwy". As the above examples show, the ending "-onwy" appears in both masculine and (one) feminine names, so the name "Eilonwy" could reasonably be either masculine or feminine.
Jones, Heather Rose, Compleat Anachronist #66: A Welsh Miscellany, lists the woman's name Eiliwedd
Gruffudd, Welsh Names for Children, p. 36, lists Eilwen as a female name and Eilwyn as a male name, and under both gives the meaning of the prototheme, eil-, as "second, like"
Gruffudd, Welsh Names for Children, p. 36, lists Eilian as an undated masculine name.
Gruffudd, Welsh Names for Children, s.n. Blodeuwedd, gives the meaning of the deuterotheme -gwedd as "appearance, form". Note that here the -g- is dropped. This is listed as a female name.
Gruffudd, Welsh Names for Children, p. 29, lists the name Cynwyd, but does not identify its component themes. He lists numerous names beginning with Cyn-, all masculine, and s.n. Cynwal identifies the themes as cyn, meaning chief and gwal as wall or defence. On page, 28, he also lists Cynon, but does not specifically identify -on as a deuterotheme. On page 29, he lists Cynwyd.
While evidence for Eil- as a deuterotheme is provided, we find no explicit support for the prototheme -onwydd. It would appear reasonable to have changed the given name at kingdom to Eiliwedd, which appears to be the documented given name that is closest to the submitted form. However, in the hope that the College of Arms may offer further advice on the plausibility of the proposed constructed given name, I have chosen to leave the name as submitted, and ask the College for further commentary, and request that Pelican make any changes that are necessary in light any further research.
verch - Welsh meaning "daughter." This element was submitted to kingdom as ferch. We have changed it to the 13th century spelling.
Tangwystyl verch Morgant Glasvryn, "A Simple Guide to Constructing 13th Century Welsh Names" (WWW: Heather Rose Jones, 1996) [URL: http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/welsh13.html] states, "In this document, Latin filia is the only word found for this, although Welsh verch can be found in documents of a similar period.
Llewelyn - Submitted to kingdom as Llewellyn, we have changed the spelling to Llewelyn.
Tangwystyl verch Morgant Glasvryn, "A Simple Guide to Constructing 13th Century Welsh Names" (WWW: Heather Rose Jones, 1996) [URL: http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/welsh13.html] lists [Llywelyn] as the header form among the names with at least five occurances in the data set, and gives the medieval spellings as Lewelin and Lewelyn.
Morgan and Morgan, Welsh Surnames, s.n. Llywelyn, states:
Lugubelinos is given as the British form which became Llywelyn, v. LHEB 414, 440...so that 'Llewelyn' became the normal spelling. The point has been made before that the sound of the second syllable would, to English ears and according to English values, require -ell-, resulting in the spelling 'Llewellyn', which is so misleading because the sound of the initial ll and the sound of the medial 'll' are different. But this, unfortunately, is the usual spelling of the surname,...The name was much used in the med period: ...and one may judge how popular it was by the numbers in Barstrum, of Llywelyn as first name.
Morgan and Morgan list the following dated spellings in or near the submitters desired time period:
1326 Leuelin1326 ap Leulini
1283, 1295 ab yleuelyn; leulyn; ab yleulin [The authors note that the yl is meant for ll, as is attested elsewhere.]
Jones, Heather Rose, Compleat Anachronist #66: A Welsh Miscellany, lists the man's name LLywelyn.
Gruffudd, Welsh Names for Children, s.n. Llew, lists Llewelyn as an undated variant of Llywelyn.
Sutor - Tangwystyl verch Morgant Glasvryn, "A Simple Guide to Constructing 13th Century Welsh Names" (WWW: Heather Rose Jones, 1996) [URL: http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/welsh13.html], under "Bynames Based on an Occupation," lists Sutor as the Latin for "shoemaker". All the occupational bynames in this list occur at least five times in the data set, and Sutor is ranked as the most popular. The article states, "Many of the occupational nicknames in the document are in Latin. In some cases, both Latin and Welsh versions of the same occupation appear." No Welsh version is given for Sutor.
Gwynedd - This was submitted to kingdom as <à Gwynydd>. The submitter meant for the preposition to mean "of", but was unsure if she had chosen the right preposition and requested correction if needed. Tangwystyl verch Morgant Glasvryn, "A Simple Guide to Constructing 13th Century Welsh Names" (WWW: Heather Rose Jones, 1996) [URL: http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/welsh13.html] states, "The typical nickname based on location simply uses the proper name of a place after the given name. In this document, Latin de is sometimes placed before the place-name." Accordingly, we have dropped the preposition altogether.
Morgan and Morgan, s.n. Gwynedd, states:
Gwynedd was the name of the ancient principality of N.W. Wales: it was attached to the name of its prince or overlord in the twelfth century, Owain Gwynedd. The name Gwynedd never fell into disuse as the name of the area and it has now become the name of the administrative area of a County Council/ The stem for making derivative words was gwyndod, e.g. the language was 'Gwyndodeg', the people 'Gwyndyd'. But it was the name of the area which became a surname, as the name of the place of origin given to natives when they went elsewhere.
In light of Morgan and Morgan, we have changed the locative to Gwynedd.
Regarding use of the baronial coronet as a charge, the submitter received her court baronetcy under the unregistered name of Gwendolyn the Graceful on April 22, 2006. The court report is archived online at: http://www.aeheralds.net/CourtReports/2006.04.22.html.
8: Etain Eame - New Badge
Sable, two cubit arms fesswise hands clasped argent, a bordure Or.
The submitter's name was registered in August of 1992 via An Tir.
It was suggested in kingdom commentary that the central charge be reblazoned a foi. This commentary by Myfanwy ferch Rhiannon is quoted here in its entirety:
These are indeed cubit arms, but the couping should be a little better. I was trying to determine if this charge group could be reblazoned as a "foi". Woodward [p.732], in the "GLOSSARY OF FRENCH TERMS OF BLAZON" gives its definition as "The name for two arms issuing from the flanks, clenching the hands in the center of the shield (v. [sic] p. 205)." In the text [pp. 205-06] it says:In French Armory [sic] two arms are sometimes repre- [sic] sented as issuing from the flanks, the hands being clasped in the centre [sic] of the escutcheon; this bearing is known as a Foi [sic]. The Counts COUSIN DE LA TOUR-FONDUE [sic] bear: d'Azur, à une Foi d'argent. [sic] [p. 206] D'Azur, à une Foi d'or [sic] were the arms of FOI DE ST. MAURICE [sic]. This bearing occurs in a very few instances in English Heraldry [sic]. Sable, two arms issuing from the flanks and embowed in fess argent, the hands conjoined, between three crescents of the second [sic], is recorded in CAMDEN'S Visitation of Huntingdonshire [sic] in 1613 (Camden Society), p. 55 for CRESPIN [sic] or CRISPIN [sic]. Gules, two arms issuing from the flanks, the hands joined argent between three hearts or; [sic] are the armes parlantes [sic] of PUREFOY [sic], Bishop of HEREFORD [sic] (1554-1557). Another coat borne by a family of the same name is: Sable, six armed hands embracing in pairs argent two and one. [sic]This last suggests that the arms do not need to be issuant; Parker [p. 305, sn. Hand] appears to back this up:
Sometimes hands are represented as clasping [sic] or embracing; [sic] and with French heralds two hands joined thusly are simply bla- [sic] zoned une foi. In connection with this the arms of PUREOY [sic] and PUREFEY [sic] should be noted.Parker also cites the arms of Warton, Bishop of Hereford (1554-57), blazoning them as "Gules, two arms and hands clasped in fesse [sic] proper between three hearts of [sic]" and showing those arms in the margin: the arms and hands are depicted as issuant, but are not blazoned as such.
Possible reblazon: Sable, a foi argent, a bordure Or.
9: Fionnait inghean Chonchogaidh - New Name
Submitter desires a female name.
No changes.
Client requests authenticity for Irish.
Language (Irish) most important.
Culture (Irish) most important.
Meaning most important.
Fionnait - Effric neyn Kenyeoch Vc Harrald, "Concerning the Name Fiona" (WWW: Sharon L. Krossa, 2002) [http://www.medievalscotland.org/problem/names/fiona.shtml] states that masculine Gaelic given names, including the masculine color-based name <Finn> (Early Gaelic) or <Fionn> (later form), meaning "white, fair", could be made into feminine form by using the Gaelic feminine suffixes -nat and -sech (Early Gaelic) or -nait and -seach (later forms). The forms given based on <Finn>/<Fionn> are:
Early Gaelic: Finnat (pronounced roughly FIN-ahtch) and Finnsech (pronounced roughly FIN-shehkh)
Later forms: Fionnait (pronounced roughly FIN-ahtch or FYUN-ahtch) and Fionnseach, (pronounced roughly FIN-shehkh or FYUN-shehkh).
inghean - later form (roughly post-1200)
Chonchogaidh - MacLysaght, p. 49, s.n. (Mac) Cogan, gives the Gaelic form as Mac Cogadháin from the personal name Cuchogaidh, from cú, hound, and cogadh, war. Under the header (Mac) Cogavin, a rare variant is given as Mac Cogaidhín.
The submitter has provided a copy of correspondence from Margaret Mackafee, Pelican, in which she offers commentary on the proposed name <Fionnait inghean Cuchogaidh> as follows:
Fionnait and inghean are fine (and the documentation for this is perfectly acceptable).MacLysaght is a standard source, but not a great one. It's forms are largely modern irish, and so not necessarily helpful for documenting a period form. While it's clear that some form of these names existed in period, it's not clear what the spelling was in the appropriate time period (in this case 1200-1700 -- the time of Early Modern Irish. Fionnait and inghean are both Early Modern Irish forms).
My guess is that the base form is at least consistent with Early Modern Irish, and the diminutive form fom MacLysaght had a late 16th C Anglicized form shown in Woulfe's Irish Names and Surnames, so my guess is that it's probably ok (I'd need to do further research to know for sure). One thing, though, the "cu-" names typically change to "con-" when put into the genitive case (as is required for patronymics), so I'd suggest inghean Chonchogaidh (Gaelic also softens the first letter in patronymics used with feminine names, so in this case ch- instead of c-).
10: Fredeburg von Katzenellenbogen - New Badge
(Fieldless) A yale rampant contourny vert, spotted and armed argent.
The submitter's name was registered in July 2006 via Æthelmearc.
11: Gabriel Hawkes - New Name & New Device
Per chevron Or and purpure, an angel argent maintaining a straight trumpet palewise inverted sable, in chief two tau crosses, a bordure embattled sable.
Submitter desires a male name.
No holding name.
No changes.
Gabriel - Withycombe, pp. 123-124, s.n. Gabriel, gives the submitted spelling dated to 1199, 1200, 1210, 1273 and 1316.
Hawkes - Reany & Wilson, p. 221, s.n. Hawk, give William Hawkys or Hawkyns, 1539. Support for the medial -e- in an earlier setting is found s.n. Hawkesworth, where they give Robert de Hauekeswrth, 1266, and John Hawkesworth' dated to 1395. Further support for earlier use of a medial -w- is found s.n. Hawkwood, where they give John de Hawkwod, 1351.
Aryanhwy merch Catmael, "Index of Names in the 1541 Subsidy Roll of London: Surnames of English men and women" [http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/english/engsurlondon1541.html] counts one occurrence of the subitted spelling.
Aryanhwy merch Catmael, "Names found in Minchinhampton, Glouchestershire Marriage Registers 1566-1600" [http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/english/minchinhampton.html] dates the submitted spelling to 1567, 1578, and 1600.
The submitter has based the shape of the Tau cross, with the inward slanting ends of the crossbar, on an image at http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross_of_Tau
In kingdom commentary, Myfanwy ferch Rhiannon provided the following research on Tau crosses:
According to the PIC-DIC [sn. Cross] tau crosses are found in the arms of Thirlby, 1540. A Google search [URL: http://www.google.com] led to information on Thomas Thirlby, Bishop of Westminster (later Bishop of Norwich and and then Bishop of Ely), but didn't seem to have any links that showed his (ecclesiastical) arms depicted. Friar [p. 172]. von Volborth [p. 20], Brooke-Little [p. 77], Woodward [p. 164 fig. 61], and Parker [p. 178] all show variants of tau crosses (also known as the cross of St. Anthony). None of them show the ends of the arms like this -- the amount of splay does vary somewhat between depictions (from the ends being couped and only splayed a little to the ends being very curved); likewise, the amount of splay along the top of the <T> varies from being almost completely straight to having a definite concavity. However, none of them show the ends slanted up -- even the concave ends are basically perpendicular.
We defer to Wreath on the registerability of the tau crosses as depicted.
12: Godke de Grote - New Name
Submitter desires a male name.
Language (Low German) most important.
Culture (Low German) most important.
Meaning (Godke the great) most important.
Godke - Aryanhwy merch Catmael, "15th Century Low German Men's Names from Mecklenburg" (WWW: Sara L. Uckelman) [URL: http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/german/mecklenburg.html], lists the name <Godke> and in the relavent sub-page at [http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/german/godke-m.html] lists the submitted speling occuring in 1448, 1436, 1448, and 1451.
de Grote - Bahlow, p. 172, s.n. Groß, lists the Middle High German grôß as meaning "fat, plump" and "less frequently, 'great, distinguished'. Bahlow further states, "compare LGer. Grote, Groot".
Das virtuelle Preußische Urkundenbuch: Regesten 1451 ("The virtual Prussian Documentbook: Registers 1451") [URL: http://www1.uni-hamburg.de/Landesforschung/pub/orden1451.html] lists an entry dated December 20, 1451 which mentions one <Herman de Grote>.
Aryanhwy merch Catmael, "15th Century Low German Men's Names from Mecklenburg" (WWW: Sara L. Uckelman) [URL: http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/german/mecklenburg.html], s.n. Hans, also has <Grotejohan>.
13: Helewys Spynnere - New Device
Or, on a cross gules five quatrefoils argent seeded Or.
The submitter's name appears on Æthelmearc External Letter of Intent #102 dated March 25, 2007.
14: Henryk Bogusz herbu Zag{l/}oba - New Name & New Device
Azure, in pale a scimitar fesswise and a horseshoe inverted argent.
Submitter desires a male name.
Language (Polish) most important.
Culture (Polish) most important.
Henryk - Walraven van Nijmegen and Arval Benicoeur, "Polish Given Names in Nazwiska Polaków" (WWW: Brian R. Speer and Josh Mittleman, 1998-2004) [URL: http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/walraven/polish/] list this spelling among the masculine given names believed to be of "German, Frankish, or French" origin. The individual names are undated, but all the names in the list have been reconstructed from patronymic bynames dating to period.
Additionally, "Polish Nobility and Its Heraldry: An Introduction" by Piotr Pawel Bajer [URL: http://www.szlachta.org/heraldry.htm] has a link at the end for a depiction of the arms of Henryk Pobozny (the Pious), Duke of Silesia (1191-1241) [URL: http://www.szlachta.org/baj1_3.htm]; the caption reads:
Pic. 3. Arms of Henryk Pobozny (the Pious), Duke of Silesia (1191-1241) of the Piast Dynasty, as recorded in the Legend of St. Hedwig in Codex of Ostrów, 1353.
Polish Roots, "Silesia" [URL: http://www.polishroots.org/genpoland/sil.htm] states:
In the Middle Ages, Silesia was inhabited mostly by people of Slavonic ethnic background and belonged at first to Poland and later to Bohemia. Since the 13th century Silesia together with Bohemia has come under German cultural and political influence.
Bogusz - Gminy Gniewoszów, "Historia" [URL: http://www.gniewoszow.pl/historia.htm] is a Polish language website about the history of the modern gmina (commune/county) of Gniewoszów in the Masovian Voivodeship of Poland. The article includes a brief history of the village of Boguszówka, which mentions one <Jan Bogusz>, who was the leader of the village in the mid-16th century, became a regional administrator and then, in 1561, was appointed the administrator of the state of Lubelskie. Translation was provided anecdotally by an acquaintance of Garnet, a native Polish speaker.
"The "Slownik nazwisk" Is Online!" Gen Dobry!, Vol. III, No. 8., August 31, 2002. William F. "Fred" Hoffman, editor. (WWW: PolishRoots(tm), Inc., 2002) [URL: http://www.polishroots.com/gendobry/GenDobry_vol3_no8.htm]. This article explains the availability of an online searchable version of Professor Kazimierz Rymut's Slownik nazwisk wspolczesnie w Polsce uzywanych, literally "Dictionary of Surnames Currently Used in Poland." It was compiled from a 1990 database maintained by a Polish government agency, with data on about 94% of the population of Poland as of that year. It gave a total of all Poles by each name, along with a breakdown of where they lived by province. The article in Gen Dobry! Gives instructions to English speakers on how to navigate the Polish language search engine. Following its instructions, I found that Rymut counts 10,397 person with the surname <Bogusz> in the data set.
herbu Zag{l/}oba - This is a phrase with the meaning "of the clan/arms Zag{l/}oba". In order to understand the use of this phrase, it is necessary to acquaint oneself with the Polish noble clan system and its relationship to armory.
A brief discussion of the herby (heraldic clans) of the szlachta (Polish noble class):
"Polish Nobility and Its Heraldry: An Introduction" by Piotr Pawel Bajer [URL: http://www.szlachta.org/heraldry.htm] gives an excellent overview of Polish heraldic practices and how they relate to surnames and clan names. The most important points to understand are:
The szlachta class in Poland encompassed all the Polish nobility. All szlachta were considered knightly, and all Polish knights were members of szlachta families. Althought all szlachta were considered knightly, in practicality, this means membership in a knightly class, rather than what was understood as knighthood in western European feudal cultures. An individual szlachta noble might be a person of great wealth, or might have been reduced to poverty and be found working as a tenant farmer or a domestic servant. The szlachta class was composed of clans (Polish rod), each of which was associated with a particular coat of arms (herb) The clan was comprised of numerous families, who may or may not have been related to one another, and who often bore different surnames. Unrelated families, belonging to different clans, may have borne identical surnames. The families, and the clan to which they belonged, belonged to the coat of arms, rather than the coat of arms belonging to the clan, family, or individual. All members of a clan generally used the clan coat of arms with no differencing. Membership in a clan, and therefore the szlachta class, was by birth, or by adoption. An individual might be adopted into a szlachta family, or an entire family might be adopted into a szlachta clan. The szlachta considered themselves to be a group of equals, and eschewed membership in orders of chivalry and the use of titles which would imply a hierarchy among its members. (The only rank or title in use, except for titles brought by foreign nobles upon adoption into a clan, was that of prince, which was used by a small number of families.)
Since all members of the SCA are presumed to be of at least the gentry, the registration of a szlachta style surname should not be construed as the presumption of knighthood, or as presumption to any rank other than gentryhood, or general nobility.
<Surname> + <herb_name> byname forms:
Michael Subritzky-Count Kusza, in his web article "Polish Heraldry and Nobility: An Introduction" [URL: http://www.polishroots.com/heraldry/heraldry_intro.htm] describes the formation of a "linked" szlachta-class surname of the form <family_name>+hyphen+ <herb_name>, which for this submitter would yield <Bogusz-Zag{l/}oba>.
That said, the form I [Alheydis Garnet] have encountered in researching the clan/herb name <Zag{l/}oba> is <family_name> herbu <herb_name>. That is the form we have submitted here. It seems to be the preferred documentary form in genealogical data. In the online sources consulted, the word herbu is often abbreviated to h. The phrase "herbu + <herb name>" would be analogous to "of clan <clan_name>" for a Scotsman.
Evidence of the form <given_name> <family_name> herbu <herb_name> with no abbreviation:
The Polish language article "Zatom Stary" at the Polish language Wikipedia [URL: http://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zatom_Stary] appears to be a brief listing of important dates relating to the village of Zatom Stary in Poland. A map of Poland shows its location and geographic coordinates are given. The article lists a dated reference to one <Miko{l/}aj Zatomski herbu Zag{l/}oba> in 1394. Here, the family name would appear to be locative based on the village name. The genitive ending for nouns in Polish is -u, thus herbu would be the expected genitive of herb.
The entry reads, in Polish: W latach 1388-1428 jako w{l/}aściciel wyst{e,}powa{l/} Miko{l/}aj Zatomski herbu Zag{l/}oba, od 1394 r. piszący si{e,} "...z G{l/}ażewa". A verbal translation given to the submitting herald [Alheydis Garnet] by a native Polish speaker is that the person mentioned was apparently in a position of leadership of the Zag{l/}oba herb in the period from 1388-1428, and from 1394 carried the additional epithet "...z G{l/}ażewa", which is apparently a locative phrase.
Evidence of Bogusz as a szlachta surname in period:
The website "Starostowie krasnostawscy w: Urz{e,}dnicy dawnej Rzeczypospolitej XII-XVIII wieku, Antoni Gąsiorowski (red.)" ("Starosts of Krasnystaw in: Ancient Clerks of Poland, 12th-18th centuries," Antoni Gąsiorowski (ed.)) [URL: http://100kazz.w.interia.pl/Pliki/49Starostowiekrasnostawscyskrot.htm] appears to be a listing of Starosts (district supervisors) of the town of Krasnystaw and includes <Miko{l/}aj Bogusz h. Pó{l/}kozic> with terms of service from April 20, 1542 to May 6th, 1560. Here, the h. may be presumed to be an abbreviation for herbu. Numerous other entries dated to period are of the construction "<given_name> <family_name> h. <herb_name>".
Further evidence of Zag{l/}oba as a herb name in period:
The web article "Urz{e,}dnicy woj. Ł{e,}czyckiego" by A. Boniecki [URL: http://www.przodkowie.com/pl/ind_urz/lec.html] appears to be a listing of clerks or administrators of various localities in Poland. Among those listed is:
Jan Jaroszewski z Jaroszewa h. Zag{l/}oba * [= born] ca. 1308 † [= died] ca. 1353
Here, the Polish article z could mean "of", "from" or "also". I am not sure if the entries should be translated as something like "Jan Jaroszewski of the Jaroszewa family of clan Zag{l/}oba", "Jan Jaroszewski from Jaroszewa [locative] of herb Zag{l/}oba", or "Jan Jaroszewski also known as Jaroszewa h. Zag{l/}oba."
The web article "Urz{e,}dnicy woj. p{l/}ockiego" by A. Boniecki [URL: http://www.nobiles.republika.pl/minakowski.html] in a section titled "P{l/}ock -- kanonik" (canons of P{l/}ock) lists:
Marcin Bądkowski h. Zag{l/}oba * ca. 1314 † ca. 1359
Jan Krajkowski z Krajkowa h. Zag{l/}oba * ca. 1593 † 1625
Association of <Bogusz> family with the Zag{l/}oba herb:
An online name index to Tadeusz Gajl's Herby szlacheckie Rzeczypospolitej Obojga Narodów, (Gda{n'}sk: Wydawnictwo L&L 2003) [title translates as: Noble Coats of Arms of Poland] [URL:http://www.ornatowski.com/index/herbyszlacheckie_b.htm] seems to be a listing of surnames indicating to which clan(s) each surname belongs. The index lists:
Bogusz h. Leszczyc, Pó{l/}kozic, Trzaska, Topór, Zag{l/}oba, w{l/}asny
Thus, although we were unsuccessful in finding a dated entry for <Bogusz herbu Zag{l/}oba> the Bogusz surname is dated to period as a szlachta surname as part of herbu Pó{l/}kozic. Gajl states that the surname Bogusz may be found as part of herbu Zag{l/}oba, although the online index to the work does not provide dates. Other surnames are dateable to period as part of herbu Zag{l/}oba. Therefore, <Bogusz herbu Zag{l/}oba> seems a reasonable period construction.
15: Leiðólfr grímr - New Name
Submitter desires a male name.
No major changes.
Language most important.
Culture most important.
Meaning most important.
The byname was submitted to kingdom as Grimr, and was changed at kingdom to grímr. The change to lower case was made to reflect the use of grímr as an adjectival byname, rather than as a second given name. The restoration of the acute accent was made so that the use of accents would be consistent through the entire name, since the given name was submitted with an acute accent.
Leiðólfr - Geirr Bassi, p. 13, counts two occurrences in the Landnamabok.
grímr - Geirr Bassi, p. 10, counts 32 occurrences of Grímr (note the acute accent over the i) in the Landnamabok, but apparently as a given name.
Gunnvôr silfrahárr, The Viking Answer Lady Webpage, "Old Norse Men's Names," (WWW: Christie Ward, 2007) [URL: http://www.vikinganswerlady.com/ONMensNames.shtml], s.n. Grímr, Grími, states:
Found in Old Danish as Grim (found as a by-name), Old Swedish Grim (found as a by-name), and OW.Norse Grímr. (Instances in Old Danish and Old Swedish by-names may be derived from the OW.Norse adjective grimmr "grim, cruel, atrocious".) Originally a by-name, related to Old Icelandic gríma, "mask", and may refer to a helm which masks the face, also Grímr was one of the names of the god Óðinn. This name is common in Norway and Iceland through the whole medieval period, and is frequent in Denmark and Sweden. The weak form Grími is found in Denmark, and as a place-name in both Denmark and Sweden. Runic examples include the nominative forms kiRimr, krim, [k](r)in(m), [krimbr], krimr, (k)rimr, krim-, [krur], the genitive forms kirims, (k)rims, and the accusative forms [irim], kirm. Anglo-Scandinavian forms include Grim, Grym, Grime Grím, Guyum. A diminuitive form of Grímr is Grímsi.
Her cited sources are:
Geirr Bassi Haraldsson. The Old Norse Name. Studia Marklandica I. Olney, MD: Markland Medieval Militia. 1977, p. 10, s.n. Grímr
Fellows-Jensen, Gillian. Scandinavian Personal Names in Lincolnshire and Yorkshire. Copenhagen. Akademisk Forlag. 1968, pp. 105-107 s.n. Grímr
Cleasby, Richard and Guðbrandr Vigfusson. An Icelandic-English Dictionary. 2nd ed. Oxford: Clarendon. 1957, p. xxxiv s.v. "Pet Names" and p. 216 s.v. gríma
Lena Peterson. Nordiskt runnamnslexikon. (Dictionary of Names from Old Norse Runic Inscriptions). Språk- och folkminnes-institutet (Institute for Dialectology, Onomastics and Folklore Research). Accessed 30 September 2005, s.nn. GrímR, Grím-
Geirr Bassi, pp. 18-19, s.v. "Nicknames" states in part:
In regard to grammatical structure, nicknames fall into four categories: 1) nouns, 2) prefixes, 3) weak adjectives, and 4) strong adjectives. A noun may be used as a nickname for either a man or a woman; the gender of the noun and that of the bearer may or may not agree -- for example: sýr 'sow' and kýr 'cow' both appear as nicknames for men. The prefix, in contrast to the three other nickname types, precedes the given name instead of following it. Sometimes the prefix has become very closely attached to the name, so that both are treated as one word: Skarpheðinn is the name Heðinn plus the prefix Skarp-. More frequently the prefix is attached to the name using a hyphen: Skalla-Grímr, Blund-Ketill, Hrafna-Flóki. In contrast to nouns and prefixes, adjective nicknames must agree with the gender of their bearers; consequently both weak and the strong adjective have masculine and feminine forms. After the article inn, in 'the', the weak endings must be used and rarely the article is suffixed to the weak endings. The weak endings may be used without the article, but the strong adjective always appears without it... Weak masculines end in -i... Strong masculines end in -r. [Emphasis added.]
16: Margretha la Fauvelle - New Name & New Device
Per saltire vert and Or, a sun in splendor counterchanged.
Submitter has no desire as to gender.
Sound most important.
Margretha is a German feminine given name. It can be found in a database of "Medieval German Birth Records" (index at http://bowercommunity.com/homestead/gerbirmdvlx.htm and the relevant section of the database at http://bowercommunity.com/homestead/gerbirmdvl4.htm) with four girls christened as Margretha in 1572, 1574, 1584, and 1589.
Aryanhwy merch Catmael, "German Names from Kulmbach, 1495" (http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/german/kulmbach1495.html) counts one occurrence of the submitted spelling.
la Fauvelle is a French descriptive byname referring to tawny or fawn-colored hair. A related surname, Fauvel, was not uncommon at the end of our period; Mari Elspeth nic Bryan's article "Names Found in Ambleny Registers 1578-1616" cites 5 individuals with this surname starting in 1602 (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/mari/Ambleny/SurnamesFreq.shtml). Concerning articles separate or combined with the surname: Although a one-word form seems more typical in the 16th century, two-word forms persist. Mari's article shows several occurrences of both forms of a surname in use simultaneously: le Clerc/Leclerc; le Conte/Leconte; le Lièvre/Lelièvre; ; le Moisne/Lemoisne.
Morlet's Dictionnaire étymologique des noms de famille gives a number of surnames derived from hair color:
s.n. BLANC: "employé seul est assez frequent dans le sud … au nord: LEBLANC. Ce sobriquet s'est appliqué à une personne aux cheveux blancs." (white hair)
s.n. BLOND: "matron. BLONDE, sobriquet évoquant la couleur des cheveux … avec l'article LEBLOND, matron. LABLONDE" (blond hair)
s.n. BRUN: "sobriquet qui a désigné la personne brune de cheveux, matron. BRUNE … avec l'article (principalement au nord) LEBRUN, LABRUNE" (brown hair)
s.n. GRIS: "plus fréquen avec l'article LEGRIS … désignait l'homme aux cheveux gris" (grey hair)
s.n. NOIR: "avec l'article LENOIR … matron. NOIRE, c.à.d.celui don't la chevelure est noire" (black hair)
s.n. LANOIRE: "matron. "la noire", sobriquet, voir NOIR"
s.n. ROUX: "matron. ROUSSE, avec l'article LEROUX … a désigné la personne à la chevelure rousse" (red hair)
s.n. LAROUSSE: "sobriquet fém. "la rousse" voir ROUX"
and also
s.n. FAUVE: "sobriquet d'après la couleur des cheveux … dér. FAUVEL … matron. FAUVELLE"(tawny/fawn hair)
In a more compressed form, Morlet gives the following sets of surnames:
Blanc/Leblanc
Blond/Leblond - Blonde/Lablonde
Brun/Lebrun - Brune/Labrune
Gris/Legris
Noir/Lenoir - Noire/Lanoire
Roux/Leroux - Rousse/Larousse
Fauve/Lefauve(hypothetical) - Fauvelle/Lafauvelle(hypothetical)
Based on this pattern of masculine and feminine forms with and without articles, the surname "la Fauvelle" seems like a reasonable formation. (The client greatly prefers the article to be separate from the descriptor. Otherwise, her preferences in order would be for Lafauvelle, Fauvelle, or Fauvel.)
The combination of French and German is one step from period practice. [URL: http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/sca/weirdness_table.html].
17: Marianna Molin di Salerno - New Device
Azure goutty d'Or, six lymphads sailing to sinister Or, charged on each sail with a martlet volant to sinister gules, a base Or.
The submitter's name appears on AEthelmearc XLoI AE98 dated October 26, 2006.
Per recent precedent, the charged sails must be independently checked for conflict:
The submitter is correct that under the current version of RfS XI.4, a charged sail would not appear to be an inescutcheon of pretense. However, this does not negate the research in the previous precedents (and supported by the College of Arms when they commented on this submission) which showed that charged sails appear to be independent displays of armory.Because a charged sail appears to be an independent display of armory, it should be treated analogously to other armorial elements which might appear to include an independent display of armory. The most obvious analogous case is that of a flag or banner used as an armorial element. Precedent states: "Charged banners [even if only maintained] are checked for conflict against already registered armory" (LoAR May 1999, p. 12). Therefore, it seems appropriate to rule that a charged sail must be checked for conflict against already registered armory.
[LoAR 06/2003, s.n. Eiríkr Mj{o,}ksiglandi Sigurðarson]
Checking for conflict against Or, a marlet volant to sinister gules, the closest we find is:
Maelon ap Prydydd of Carnach (2/1988 via the West), Or, a falcon statant to sinister, wings elevated and addorsed, gules between three estoiles sable. (1 CD for posture; 1 CD for removal of the estoiles.)
18: Megan the Mad - New Device Change
Azure semy of ducks naiant Or, a rapier bendwise sinister inverted argent.
Old Item: Per bend sinister vert and azure, a dragon
segreant maintaining in saltire a rapier and an arrow inverted, a chief
indented Or, to be released.
Her name and current device were registered in February of 2005 via AEthelmearc.
19: Miyao Kaneko - New Badge
(Fieldless) A dragonfly bendwise sable.
Her name was registered in March 1998 via Caid.
Although close, this is clear of both Eymund víss, Argent, a dragonfly bendwise sable winged gules, and Ysenda de Gray, Argent, a dragonfly bendwise gules winged sable. (Both were registered via Caid in April 2005. Each had a letter of permission to conflict with the other.) In each case there is 1 CD for fieldlessness and 1 CD for change of tincture to half the primary charge.
20: Reyni-Hrefna - New Name & New Device
Quarterly arrondy widdershins sable and vert, five arrows fracted in mullet argent, fracts to center.
Submitter desires a female name.
No major changes.
Language (Norse 800-1050) most important.
Culture (Norse 800-1050) most important.
Hrefna - Geirr Bassi, p. 11 counts one occurrence in the Landnamabok.
Reyni- - Geirr Bassi, p. 26 counts one occurence in the Landnamabok as a prepended byname meaning "Try-, Attempt-".
We note the commentary accompanying the registration of Yxna-Sigarr, February 2005, via Caid:
Although the name presents the appearance of a single name, it is, in fact, a prepended byname and a given name. This formation is not uncommon in Old Norse, although such combinations often became given names themselves. We have registered such names in the past without comment, notably Burlu-Oláfr, registered January 1992.
The device was submitted with the following blazon: Quarterly arrondy sable and vert, a mullet of five fracted arrows argent fracts to center. The submitting herald later noted the erroneous omission of the word widdershins, which we have added at kingdom. On the suggestion of commentary, because the arrows are not conjoined, we have revised that portion of the blazon.
21: Rhiannon filia Catell - New Name & New Device
Per bend azure and vert, a seahorse erect argent and a chief Or.
Rhiannon - The name is SCA-compatible [Rhiannon Negeswr, LoAR 2/2006, Meridies]
filia - Latin meaning "daughter"
Catell - Tangwystyl verch Morgant Glasvryn, "The First Thousand Years of British Names: Appendix V - Given names from the Llandav charters" (WWW: Heather Rose Jones, 1998) [URL: http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/british1000/appendix4_5.html#app5] lists Catell as a Welsh masculine name and gives Cadell as the normalized form. In Appendix IV, "Name Patterns from the Book of Llandav Plain Names," the full name <Ourdilat filia Cingual> is given as an example of simple filiation.
22: Sibilla Griffyn - Resub Name Change From Holding Name
Old Item: Siobhan of Misty Highlands, to be released.
Submitter desires a female name.
Language (14th century Irish) most important.
Culture (14th century Irish) most important.
Sibilla - Tangwystyl verch Morgant Glasvryn, "Names and Naming Practices in the Red Book of Ormond (Ireland 14th Century): Given Names" (WWW: Heather Rose Jones, 1999)
[http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/lateirish/ormond-given.html#Given], counts three occurrences of this spelling in an English context.
Talan Gwynek, "Yorkshire Given Names from 1379" (WWW: Brian M. Scott, 2006) [www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/yorkshire.html] counts six occurrences of Sibilla among the forenames of approximately 1794 women.
Griffyn - Tangwystyl verch Morgant Glasvryn, "Names and Naming Practices in the Red Book of Ormond (Ireland 14th Century): Glossary of Elements in Bynames" (WWW: Heather Rose Jones, 1999)
[URL: http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/lateirish/ormond-glossary.html#Glossary], counts one occurrence of this spelling as an unmarked patronym. Under "Name Patterns," [http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/lateirish/ormond-patterns.html], Griffyn is categorized as a Welsh given name, used as an unmarked patronym.
We note that the combination of Welsh with Anglicized Irish is one step from period practice. Welsh with English is no step from period practice.
23: William Parris - New Name Change
Old Item: William FitzGeorge of Gloucester, to be
released.
Submitter has no desire as to gender.
His previous name was registered in September of 1996 via the East.
William - Christian de Holacombe, "Faire Names for English Folk: Late Sixteenth Century English Names," 3rd ed. (WWW: Chris Laning, 2000), under Men's given names [URL: http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/christian/fairnames/givennames.html#men], lists William as the third most common man's name in two sets of data. Additionally, the given name is grandfathered to the submitter.
Parris - Christian de Holacombe, "Faire Names for English Folk: Late Sixteenth Century English Names," 3rd ed. (WWW: Chris Laning, 2000), under List of Surnames [URL: http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/christian/fairnames/surnames.html#list] gives Parris. This list uses modernized spellings, but the doumented spelling may be found in the article's source, "English Names from Pre-1600 Brass Inscriptions" by Julian Goodwyn (WWW: Janell K. Lovelace) under Surnames: P [http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/brasses/lastnameIP.html#P] dated to 1424.
24: Zianna beguy urdina de Zabaleta - New Name & New Device
Quarterly purpure and sable, a seahorse contourny Or between four crosses of lozenges in saltire counterchanged argent and Or.
Submitter desires a female name.
No major changes.
Language (Basque) most important.
Culture (Basque) most important.
Zianna - Aryanhwy merch Catmael, "Basque Feminine Names" (WWW: Sara L. Friedemann, 1999) [http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/spanish/basque.html] counts two occurrences of <Ziannna> in the 10th-13th century data set and notes that the triple -n- is probably a typo.
beguy urdina - Aryanhwy merch Catmael, "Basque Feminine Names" (WWW: Sara L. Friedemann, 1999) [http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/spanish/basque.html] notes the occurrence of this feminine byname meaning "blue-eyes" in an undated medieval carticulary.
de Zabaleta - The submitter provides copies from Catálogo de Pasajeros a Indias durante los siglos XVI, XVII y XVIII, published by the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Patronato Menéndez y Pelayo Instituto Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo (Sevilla, 1942), which appears to be a listing of personages by date. On p. 201, under the year 1526, is an entry dated June 25 for one Martía de Zamudio, husband of doña Juana Zabaleta.
The submitter also includes a lengthy web article on the origin of this Basques surname, "Zabaleta/Zavaleta" by Antonio N. Zavaleta et al. [URL: http://www.buber.net/Basque/Surname/Z/zabaleta.php]. The authors describe this as a Basque surname dating, by oral tradition, to as early as the 8th century, and give this meaning of the name as "a very wide place", from the Basque surname root Zabal ("wide place") plus the maximizing ending -eta. The article states, in part:
Equally significant is the fact that the work of Jaca on the history of Urretxu documents the Zabaleta family descent line, beginning with the first "Señor" of the Caser¡o de Zabaleta, Joan de Zabaleta y Aguinaga, who fought in the war against France in 1524...In 1444, Señor Ochoa López de Zabaleta defended the region of Navarre against the Guipúzcoans, who sacked and plundered his home. For his service to the Crown, the Zabaleta family was recognized by the monarchs of Aragon, and the funds to "restore" the casa-torre, damaged during the siege, were provided by King Juan II, in gratitude for Zabaleta loyalty and support. Around 1450, López de Zabaleta was granted a Captaincy, becoming the regional military commander, and was made responsible for the safety of Goizueta and "el Gobierno de las Cinco Villas," the Government of the Five Villas.
The submitter notes that if part of the name needs to be dropped, she prefers to drop <beguy urdina> rather than <de Zabaleta>.
25: Zianna beguy urdina de Zabaleta - New Badge
(Fieldless) A cross gringolé purpure with snake heads argent.