1: Ælfgifu Falkenglen - New Name & New Device
Azure, on a gore sinister Or a thistle proper.
The submitter provided no documentation. Garnet finds:
Ælfgifu - Wikipedia, s.n. Ælfgifu of Northampton, identifies Ælfgifu (c. 990 - after 1040) as an Anglo-Saxon noblewoman who became the first consort of King Cnut of England and Denmark, and mother of King Harold I of England (1035-1040).
Marieke van de Dal (Christina Krupp), "Anglo-Saxon Women's Names from Royal Charters", s.n. Ælfgifu, gives numerous documented spelling variants and dates the submitted spelling to c.1053 in an English-language context.
Falkenglen - a constructed placename
Ekwall, p. 173, s.n., Falkenham, dates Falcenham to 1254 and proposes that the prototheme dervies from a personal name Falta which may bederived from OE faltan, corresponding to OHG falzan 'to forge' and cognate with OE anfielte and OHG anafalz 'anvil'.
Mills, p. 134, s.n. Falkenham, cocurrs and dates Faltenham to 1086.
Mills, p. 144, s.n. Glen, dates Magna Glen to 1247 and Parva Glen to 1242.
Modern online gazeteers of Great Britain list almost no placenames with -glen as a deuterotheme. The largest is Rutherglen (south of Glasgow, Scotland). The vast majority of UK placenames with Glen as a theme use it as a prototheme.
Herald of Record: submitter
2: Cameron Da'Bryt - New Name & New Device
Azure, a rabbit's head cabossed argent.
Submitter desires a masculine name.
No major changes.
Sound most important.
Cameron - This is the submitter's legal given name. No supporting document was provided, but will be solicited.
Da'Bryt - No documentation was provided for the byname. Garnet finds:
Reaney & Wilson, p. 64, s.n. Bright, give: John Briht 1252; William le Brythe 1278; Herveus Brite 1279; Adam Bright 1296.
Reaney & Wilson, p. 45, s.n. Bird, give: William Brid 1193; Robert le Brid(d) [sic] 1235.
Bardsley, p. 138, s.n. Bright, gives: Hervey Brite 1273; Roger Briht 1273; Adam Bryte 1 Edw. III (among others).
Bardsley, p. 104, s.n. Bird, gives: David le Brid 1273; Geoffrey Bryd 1273.
Black, p. 110, s.n. Bryde, gives: Dovenald Bryd 1296.
Aryanhwy merch Catmael (Sara L. Uckelman), "Names in the 1319 Subsidy Roll of London: Surnames", s.n. Bret, counts two occurrences of Bret, one of Brit and two of le Bret and gives the origin of the byname as "desc. from OFr Bret 'a Breton' or OE Brit, Bryt, Bret 'a Briton', applied to the Strathclyde Britons until c. 1300."
H.S. Cobb, The overseas trade of London: exchequer customs accounts - 1480-1 [http://www.british-history.ac.uk/source.aspx?pubid=159], "Petty Custom Account 1480-1: Exports - April 1481 (nos 431-483)" [http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=36082] lists a William Bryt.
The submitter specifically allows the holding name Cameron of Myrkfaileen.
Herald of Record: Sumbitter/Iain mac an Bhaird
3: Ciar inghean Uí Chrotaigh - New Device
OSCAR is unable to find the name, either registered or submitted.
Per pale wavy argent and azure, a fish naiant within a single tressure counterchanged.
The submitter's name was registered in June 2009 via Æthelmearc.
Herald of record: Margaret Makafee
4: Cormac Ainsheasccar mac Muiredaich - New Name & New Device
Per pale argent and sable, a bat displayed counterchanged.
Language (Irish Gaelic) most important.
Cormac - Mari Elspeth nic Bryan, "Index of Names in Irish Annals: Cormacc / Cormac" [http://www.medievalscotland.org/kmo/AnnalsIndex/Masculine/Cormacc.shtml] gives Cormac as the normalized Early Modern Irish Gaelic (c1200-c1700) nominative form of this masculine given name and counts 28 individuals of the name distributed throughout the years 762-1589.
Ainsheasccar - Mari Elspeth nic Bryan, "Index of Names in Irish Annals: Descriptive Bynames: Ainsheasccar" [http://www.medievalscotland.org/kmo/AnnalsIndex/DescriptiveBynames/Ainsheasccar.shtml] gives Ainsheasccar as the normalized Early Modern Irish Gaelic (c1200-c1700) nominative form of this masculine descriptive byname meaning "[the] Unquiet/Restless" and counts one individual of the name in the year 1472.
mac - Sharon L. Krossa, "Quick and Easy Gaelic Names" under "Descriptive Adjective with Simple Patronymic Bynames" [http://www.medievalscotland.org/scotnames/quickgaelicbynames/#descriptivewithpatronymic] states:
The standard way to form a name using combined descriptive adjective with simple patronymic bynames for men is: <single given name> <descriptive adjective> mac <father's given name (in genitive case & sometimes lenited)> which means <descriptive adjective> <given name> son <of father's given name>
Muiredaich - the submission notes give Muiredach as the name from which the patronym is formed.
Mari Elspeth nic Bryan, "Index of Names in Irish Annals: Muiredach / Muireadhach" [http://www.medievalscotland.org/kmo/AnnalsIndex/Masculine/Muiredach.shtml] gives Muiredach as the normalized Old Irish Gaelic (c700-c900) and Middle Irish Gaelic (c900-c1200) nominative form of this masculine given name. The corresponding Old and Middle Irish genitive form is Muiredaig. The article gives Muireadhach as the Early Modern Irish Gaelic (c1200-c1700) nominative form form. The corresponding Early Modern genitive form is Muireadhaigh. The article counts 14 individuals of the name in the years 760-1257.
Herald of Record: Kathryn MacLuing
5: Fredeburg von Katzenellenbogen - New Badge
OSCAR finds the name registered exactly as it appears in July of 2006, via Æthelmearc.
(Fieldless) A printer's ball Or.
Herald of Record: Margaret Makafee
6: Gabrielle Winter - New Device
OSCAR finds the name on the Æthelmearc LoI of February 24, 2009 as submitted.
Per chevron sable and argent, a chevron azure between in dexter chief a mullet of four points argent and in base a fox passant guardant gules.
Herald of Record: Margaret Makafee
7: Halima bint Da'ud al-Attarah - New Name & New Device
Per pall inverted azure, sable and argent, in base a hippogriff statant gules.
Submitter desires a feminine name.
No major changes.
Language (Arabic) most important.
Meaning most important.
Da'ud ibn Auda (David B. Appleton), "Period Arabic Names and Naming Practices" [http://heraldry.sca.org/laurel/names/arabic-naming2.htm] describes the various types of name elements used in Arabic names and supports the construction <ism>[given name] + <nasab>[patronym]+ <nisba>[epithet, including occupational bynames] in the order submitted here.
Halima - Ibid., under Feminine Isms, lists Halima
bint - feminine patronymic marker meaning "daughter [of]"
Da'ud - Ibid., under masculine Isms, lists Da'ud. The masculine ism in combination with bint forms the nasab.
al-Attarah - Ibid., under Masculine Cognomens, lists al-`Attar meaning "the perfumer, the druggist". The article states that masculine given names may be feminized by adding -ah. It is unclear whether this methodology should be applied to a nisba. The submitter has feminized the nisba to form al-Attarah.
Herald of Record: Kathryn MacLuing
8: Hrafn Haraldsson - New Name Change & New Device Change
Per pale argent and sable, a raven displayed within a bordure embattled counterchanged.
Old Item: Uesugi Kutarou Ietoyo, to be retained.
Old Item: Vert, three dragonflies in pall inverted tails to center
argent., to be retained.
Submitter desires a masculine name.
Language most important.
Culture most important.
Hrafn - Geirr Bassi, p. 11, counts 17 occurrences of Hrafn as a masculine given name in the Landnámabók.
Haraldsson - Geirr Bassi, p. 11, counts 8 occurrences of Haraldr as a masculine given name in the Landnámabók.
Geirr Bassi, p. 17, states that the genitive case of names ending with -r is formed by changing the ending -r to -s. The patronymic suffix -son or -dóttir is then added to the genitive case stem.
Herald of Record: Fridrikr inn Gamli
9: Jaqueline de Moliere - New Name
Submitter desires a feminine name.
No major changes.
Language (French) most important.
Culture (French) most important.
Jaqueline - Colm Dubh (Scott Catledge), "An Index to the Given Names in the 1292 Census of Paris" [http://heraldry.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/paris.html] lists Dame Jaqueline la Bordonne.
de Moliere - The submission forms states that Gascony, England's first colony, 1204-1453 by Margaret Wade Labarge (London: H. Hamilton, 1980), p. 129, "refers to the capture of the town of Molières." No copies were provided.
Dauzat, Dictionnaire étymologique des noms de lieux en France, p. 461, s.n. Molières, dates the following forms: Moleyra, 1106; Molerii, 1115; de Moleriis, 1224; Molerias, 1147; de Moleriis, 1269; de Moleriis, 1146; de Molieyriis, 1162.
Herald of Record: Aimeric de Miraval
10: Katharine McClung - New Device
OSCAR finds the name registered exactly as it appears in March of 1990, via the East.
Sable, on a bend sinister argent between two cogwheels Or a spear inverted.
11: Katla úlfhéðinn - New Badge
OSCAR finds the name registered exactly as it appears in February of 2005, via Æthelmearc.
Gules, a bend sinister counter ermine fimbriated argent between two crosses of Cerdaña argent.
The badge is to be jointly owned with Thorgrim Skullsplitter (registered in February of 2005 via AEthelmearc).
Herald of Record: Yvianne de Castel d'Avignon
12: Máirín O'Cadhla - New Name
Submitter desires a feminine name.
No major changes.
Language (Irish) most important.
Culture (Irish) most important.
Máirín - OCM, p. 133, s.n. Máire, states:
A borrowing of the name Mary. Máire is extremely rare in the period before the seventeeth century though it occurs as the name of a lady of the Bissetts of the Glynns of ANtrim in the fourteenth century and occassionally among the Mac Sweeneys and the Burkes in the sixteenth century. In Ireland, as in western Europe generally in the early period, the name of the Virgin Mary was considered too sacred to be used as a personal name.OCM give the submitted Máirin as an undated pet form.
The submission form mentions that precedents exist for Máirín but does not summarize them. Garnet finds precedents as follows:
Submitted as Mairin Mac an Thilidh, the submitter requested authenticity for "Irish/Highland Scot" language/culture, allowed any changes, and indicated that sound was most important.The LoI documented Mairin from Woulfe (p. 212). However, Woulfe (p. 212) lists Máirín, not Mairin. This entry cites Máirín as being a diminutive of Máire. Many of the names that Woulfe lists in his given name sections are modern. Maille, another diminutive of Máire, was returned in 1999:
The name is being returned for lack of a period given name. While it is true that it appears in Woulfe's Irish Names and Surnames, that is no guarantee that it is a period. Ó Corrain and Maguire (Gaelic Personal Names, p. 133) under Máire lists Maille (with no marking) among pet-forms of Máire with no date. However, given their previous note that the name Máire itself was extremely rare before the seventeenth century, it is quite unlikely that Máire formed a pet-form during our period. Barring documentation that it was used in period, it is not acceptable for use in the SCA. [Máille ingen Bhrain Cadal, LoAR March 1999, R-Atlantia]
The information in Ó Corráin & Maguire (s.n. Máire) similarly indicates that Máirín is unlikely to have occured in period. Lacking evidence that Máirín was used in period, it is not registerable. [Mary Maknely, 02/2003 LoAR, A-Calontir]
And as follows:
Note: while the use of Maire is rare in period Gaelic names, there are a few dated examples. ([Maire nic Ardhghail, LoAR July 1998, A-Meridies]
O'Cadhla - OCM, p. 40, s.n. Cadlae: Cadhla, give the meaning of this masculine name as "beautiful, comely" and state that it gave rise to the surname Ó Cadhla.
Mari Elspeth nic Bryan, "Index of Names in Irish Annals: Cadlae / Cadhla" [http://www.medievalscotland.org/kmo/AnnalsIndex/Masculine/Cadlae.shtml] gives Cadhla as the normalized Early Modern Irish Gaelic (c1200-c1700) nominative form of this masculine given name and counts two individuals of the name in the years 1016, 1167, 1175, 1176, 1200 and 1201. No genitive form is given. In the raw data, only the earliest entry (1016) gives the name as part of a patronym: Muirethaich m. Cadlai
Garnet find no entry for Ó Cadhla in Woulfe.
Ó - Sharon L. Krossa, "Quick and Easy Gaelic Names", under Clan Affiliation Bynames [http://www.medievalscotland.org/scotnames/quickgaelicbynames/#clanaffiliationbyname] states:
The standard way to form a name using an Irish clan affiliation byname for men is: <single given name> Ó <eponymous clan ancestor's name (in genitive case)>which means <given name> male descendant <of eponymous clan ancestor>
inghean Uí - Sharon L. Krossa, "Quick and Easy Gaelic Names", under Clan Affiliation Bynames [http://www.medievalscotland.org/scotnames/quickgaelicbynames/#clanaffiliationbyname] states:
The standard way to form a name using an Irish clan affiliation byname for women is: <single given name> inghean Uí <eponymous clan ancestor's name (in genitive case & always lenited unless starting with a vowel)> which means <given name> daughter of a male descendant <of eponymous clan ancestor>
Herald of Record: Aimeric de Miraval
13: Martyn Kinnish - New Name
Submitter desires a masculine name.
No major changes.
Sound most important.
Language most important.
Culture most important.
The submission form states that the submitter wants a name as similar to his own as possible, to avoid confusion (due to a medical condition). He is currently known as Martyn the Manx. The submitter's legal name as Martin Kemmish
Martyn - Coakley, Frances, A Manx Notebook [http://www.isle-of-man.com/manxnotebook],under "Christian Names" [http://www.isle-of-man.com/manxnotebook/famhist/fnames/kpn.htm] lists data extracted from J.J.Kneen's The Personal Names of the Isle of Man (1937). The entry for Martyn reads:
Martyn [], Lat. 'of Mars, warlike'. Lat. Martinus, Ir. mapran, mapra1n, m~1~n Made popular by S. Martin of Tours, to whom there was, at least, one church dedicated in Mann.No dated form is given.
Talbot, Theophilus, The Manorial Roll of the Isle of Man: 1511-1515 [http://www.isle-of-man.com/manxnotebook/fulltext/manroll/], Index IV "List of Surnames" lists: Mac Marten; Martenson; Martynson; and, Martyn. Martyn is absent from Talbot's Appendix D, "Christian Names of Men".
The Academy of Saint Gabriel's page for Irish and Manx Names [http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/irish.shtml] links to this material. The preferatory material to the link to the Talbot work states, "Some entries include bynames as well as given names, including unmarked patronymics that can easily be mistaken for double given names." Thus, the entry for Martyn as a surname is likely an unmarked patronym, supporting the use of Martyn on Mann as a masculine given name in the 16th century. However, the Saint Gabriel preferatory material further states, "These must be used with care: The names have almost certainly been translated and normalized."
Kinnish - THE MANX NOTE BOOK: Containing Matters Past and Present connected with the Isle of Man. Edited by A. W. Moore, Vol. ii (1886), "MANX SURNAMES: SURNAMES DERIVED FROM PERSONAL NAMES OF PURELY NATIVE ORIGIN" pp. 58-65, s.n. KINNISH and KENNISH, states that the names are "contracted from Mac Aenghuis, Aenghus's son,' (aen, 'one,' gus, 'strength.')". Dated forms are listed as follows: McINESH ? [1511] , KYNNISHE [1601], KINNISH [1626], KENISH [1649], KEANISH [1734], KENNISH [1732].
The Administrative Handbook III.A.10. states:
Name Used by the Submitter Outside the Society - No name will be registered to a submitter if it is identical to a name used by the submitter for purposes of identification outside of a Society context. This includes legal names, common use names, trademarks, and other items registered with mundane authorities that serve to identify an individual or group. This restriction applies to Society branches as well as individuals. Thus, a branch cannot use the name of a significant location (a town or county, for example) within its borders. This restriction is intended to help preserve a distinction between a submitter's identity within the Society and the submitter's identity outside of the Society.A small change in the name is sufficient for registration, such as the addition of a syllable or a spelling change that changes the pronunciation. However, a change to spelling without a change in pronunciation is not sufficient. For example, Alan Miller could not register the name Alan Miller or Allan Miller but he could register the name Alan the Miller. Further, submitters may register either a name or armory which is a close variant of a name or insignia they use outside the Society, but not both.
Herald of Record: Kathryn MacLuing
14: Odette d'Arques - New Device
OSCAR finds the name registered exactly as it appears in April of 2001, via Æthelmearc.
Or, a chevron vert between two rams heads erased combattant and a fleur-de-lys sable.
Herald of Record: Kathryn MacLuing
15: Ragnar the Fierce - New Name
Submitter desires a masculine name.
No holding name.
No major changes.
Client requests authenticity for 860 AD Norse.
Language (860 AD Norse) most important.
Culture (860 AD Norse) most important.
Geirr Bassi, p. 14, counts one occurrence of Ragnarr as a masculine given name in the Landnámabók.
Academy of Saint Gabriel Report No. 2696 [www.s-gabriel.org/2696] states:
The masculine Old Norse name <Ragnarr> is a borrowing of Old Danish <Regner>, <Rægnær>, etc. [9] (Here <æ> stands for the letter aesc, the a-e-ligature formed by squashing together an <a> and an <e> so that they share a common upright.) There are a few scattered instances of it in Norway between the 11th and the early 15th century, including one in the mid-13th century, but there is no trace of it in Iceland. [10] Our Danish examples from the late 12th, 13th, and early 14th centuries are all Latinized; typical forms are <Regnerus>, <Regnarus>, and <Reinerus>, probably reflecting a vernacular <Regner>; forms with <Rag-> in the first syllable do not seem to have been used in Denmark. Such forms are common in Old Swedish, however, where the name is found as <Rægner>, <Ragner>, and <Ragnar>. [11] The comprehensive study of medieval Swedish given names hasn't yet reached the R's, so we don't know how common the name was in 13th century Sweden; on the Danish and Norwegian evidence it seems likely that the name was in use but not very common.
The footnotes cite:
[9] Kruken, Kristoffer, ed. Norsk personnamnleksikon. 2nd ed. (Oslo: Det Norske Samlaget, 1995); s.n. <Ragnar>.
[10] Lind, E.H. Norsk-Isla"ndska Dopnamn ock Fingerade Namn fra*n Medeltiden (Uppsala & Leipzig: 1905-1915, sup. Oslo, Uppsala and Kobenhavn: 1931); s.n. <Ragnarr>.
[11] Knudsen, Gunnar, Marius Kristiansen, & Rikard Hornby. Danmarks Gamle Personnavne. Vol. I: Fornavne (Copenhagen: 1936-48); s.n. <Regner>.
the Fierce - Precedent states:
The byname the Fierce is a Lingua Anglica translation of the Old Norse byname greypr. [Æsa the Fierce, 07/2003 LoAR, A-Middle]
Geirr Bassi, p. 22, counts lists the descriptive byname greypr, meaning "gripper, fierce, cruel" among masucline descriptive byname found in the "Family Sagas" (Íslendingas{o,}gur).
Herald of Record: Aimeric de Miraval
16: Ruland Burckhart - New Name & New Device
Quarterly purpure and sable, in bend to bulls rampant argent.
Submitter desires a masculine name.
No major changes.
Language (German) most important.
Culture (German) most important.
Ruland - Talan Gwynek (Brian M. Scott), "Medieval German Given Names from Silesia: Men's Names" [http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/talan/bahlow/bahlowMasc.html] counts two occurrances of Ruland in 1384 and 1385 .
Burckhart - Aryanhwy merch Catmael (Sara L. Uckelman), "German Names from 1495: Surnames A - F" [http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/german/surnames1495a-g.html] counts two occurrences and Burckhart in Röttenpach and Stockheim
Herald of Record: Margaret Makafee
17: Sultana bint Mihail - New Device
OSCAR finds the name registered exactly as it appears in February of 2007, via Æthelmearc.
Gules, a chevron argent between two dumbeks Or and a nine man morris board argent.
Herald of Record: Brigida
18: Tufa Gunthamunths - New Name & New Device
Pily gules and Or, a bear's pawprint sable.
Submitter desires a masculine name.
No major changes.
Sound most important.
Tufa - Willem Pieter Gerritsen, Anthony G. Van Melle, Tanis Guest, A dictionary of medieval heroes: characters in medieval narrative traditions [http://books.google.com/books?id=jacBvHiRUWwC] p. 270 states in part:
...Tufa, then joined Theodoric, but when the latter sent him to Odoacer with some of his men Tufa went over to the enemy and had the Goths accompanying him...This book is not available on Google Books in its entirety, but in preview only. To access the excerpt, one must search within the book on the word "Tufa".
William Cooke Taylor, The history of the overthrow of the Roman Empire [http://books.google.com/books?id=hHwBAAAAQAAJ] p. 98, describes the military strategies of Tufa, a commander for Odoacer in Milan against Theodoric (king of the Ostrogoths).
Wikipedia, s.n. Odoacer, states:
Odoacer (435-493), also known as Odovacer, was a Germanic foederati general and the first non-Roman ruler of Italy after AD 476.
Gunthamunths - Tim O'Neill, "Gothic Names" [http://www.geocities.com/yeshua666/gothnames.html] is a short article on Gothic given names, including reconstructions of many of the first and second elements from which Gothic given names were composed. Among the protothemese listed is Guntha- meaning "battle". Among the masculine deuterothemes listed is -munths meaning "protector".
Academy of Saint Gabriel report no. 2392 [www.s-gabriel.org/2392] states in part:
is possible that patronymics were occasionally used in ceremonial settings or even in everyday settings where clarification was needed -- something like <Athala Athanareikis sunus> "Athala Athanareiks' son" -- but we know of no evidence of such forms.
Academy of Saint Gabriel report no. 1928 [www.s-gabriel.org/1928] states in part:
In almost all records, Goths are identified by single given names alone, without any surname [2]...We also found some examples of Gothic bynames recorded in contemporary Latin records. A typical example in a woman's name is <Isilo cognomento Sisina>, recorded in Iberia in 803 [3]. This name means "Isilo nicknamed Sisina". Here are a few similar examples.Masculine
Comasio cognomento Gomazi 800
Filo cognomento Brito 816
Davit cognomento Amorellus 861
Romaricus quen in cognomento Cervan apellant 883 (whom they call by the nickname Cervan)
Walamirus cognomeno Annagia 889
Herald of Record: Kateryna ty Isaf
19: Vigo da Napoli - New Name & New Device
Or, a horse's head erased and in base a cinquedea dagger fesswise sable.
Submitter desires a masculine name.
No changes.
Language most important.
Culture most important.
Vigo - A proposed pet form of Ludovigo or Lodovigo based on the variant forms of Ludovico, Lodovico and Vico.
Juliana de Luna (Julia Smith), "Names in 15th Century Florence and her Dominions: the Condado" [http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/juliana/condado/] under "All men's given names by frequency" [http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/juliana/condado/mensfreq.html] counts 10 occurrences of Lodovico and 19 occurrences of Vico in the data set. The submission notes state, "These are the only two out of the 800+ independent names on this list that share the string 'vico', so it is reasonable to assume that one is a diminutive of the other."
Talan Gwynek (Brian Scott), "15th Century Italian Men's Names" [http://heraldry.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/italian15m.html] has examples of both Ludovigo and Lodovigo from universoty records in Pavia.
The submission notes state, "This puts Ludovigo/Lodovigo and Lodovico/Vico all in the 15th C. While Florence is in Tuscany and Pavia in Lombardy, the regions are not so far distant. Given this, a diminutive <Vigo>, while not found, seems to be a reasonable variant."
da Napoli - Academy of Saint Gabriel report no. 2660 [www.s-gabriel.org/2660], addressing names appropriate for a mid-15th-century Italian woman, states in part:
The locative surname <da Napoli> is certainly a fine choice [14]. In the southern dialect, the form <di Napoli> might have been more typical [8, 15]. By your period, when inherited family names were common, a literal locative might not have been considered to be truly part of a person's name, but rather an extra description just as we might say "Peter Duncan, from Houston". Thus, we think it is more likely a written form than one that would have been used in speech.
Maridonna Benvenuti (Andrea Hicks), "Mercator's Place Names of Italy in 1554: Southern Italy" [http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/maridonna/mercator/south.html] lists Napoli porto as a "town/city" on Sardinia.
Herald of Record: Margaret Makafee/Jehan de la Marche