Áine -- O'C&M, pg. 19, (sn. Áine), an early masculine name "it retained its popularity as a female name”.
Morgainn – Krossa, Sharon L. (Effric neyn Kenyeoch vc Ralte), A Simple Guide to Constructing 12th Century Scottish Gaelic Names, [URL: http://www.MedievalScotland.org/scotnames/simplescotgaelicnames12.shtml ] lists this as a Genitive form from Book of Deir, 12th c.
Diarmata -- Jones, Heather Rose (Tangwystyl verch Morgant Glasvryn), 100 Most Popular Men's Names in Early Medieval Ireland [URL: http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/tangwystyl/irish100 lists this as genitive.
"Argent, three triskelions azure."
Alaxandair – Black, pg. 16, (sn. Alexander) lists this as a Gaelic spelling found in 1467
Ó Conchobhair – MacLysaught, pg. 55, (sn. O'Connor) gives this as the Gaelic form of the name recorded in Black, pg. 634, (sn. Oconochar), in 1622. Black asserts it's an "ancient" Irish name. O'C&M, pg. 57, (sn. Conchobar), gives the spellings "Conchobar: Conchobhar, Conchor" Jones, Heather Rose (Tangwystyl verch Morgant Glasvryn), 100 Most Popular Men's Names in Early Medieval Ireland [URL: http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/tangwystyl/irish100 gives "Conchobor", with the genitive forms "Conchobuir, Conchobair".
If this is passed, his old name Alexander Ó Chonchobair is to be released.
"Sable, two chevronels Or and in base a broad arrow argent."
Antoinette -- the submitter's legal middle name is Antoinette (photocopy of daughter's birth certificate with submitter's name on it is enclosed). Withycombe, pg. 27, (sn. Antoinette, Antonia), says: "these are respectively the French (diminutive) and the Italian f. forms of Antony (q.v.)". The name “Anthoinette” is found at Saint Gabriel's in the article Sixteenth Century Norman Names by Cateline de la Mor [URL: http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/cateline/normanl6.html ]
However, also note the following on St. Gabriel's Report #415 [URL: http://www.panix.com/~gabriel/public-bin/showfinal.cgi?415 ]
"We found an example of the name "Anthoinette" dated in the 16th century. You will note that it is spelled slightly differently from the modern form "Antoinette", but this a minor variation. "T" and "th" were largely interchangable in late-period French.
"We did not find an earlier example of the name, but we note that the masculine name "Antoine" was used in Paris in 1292. We think that the feminine diminutive "Antoine\te" (e\ represents an 'e' with an accent grave) was probably in use at the same time, since we find analogous pairs of names Colet (m) Cole\te (f); Franque (m), Franqueite (f); Giles, Gilet (m), Gile\te (f); Guillemet (m), Guillemete (f). We do not have many references on French names between 1300 and 1500, but we think it is reasonable to assume that "Antoinette" was in use through this period in one spelling or another. If you want to set your persona around 1300, then we suggest your spell your name "Antoine\te" If you want to set your persona in the 16th century, then we suggest "Anthoinette". In between, your guess is as good as ours."
de la Croix -- Dauzat's Dictionnaire des noms de famille et prenoms de France pg. 163, (sn. Croix). Also, Dictionnaire de Biographic Francaise identifies a Francois Delacroix who was born in Valenciennes in 1582. There is a “Jehan Delacroix” in Names Found in Commercial Documents from Bordeaux, 1470-1520 [URL: http://www.sit.wisc.edu/~sfriedemann/names/bordeaux.htm ] Submitter would prefer to keep the surname spelled as submitted, de la Croix, not Delacroix. Evidence for writing the name as three words can be found in R&W, pg. 130, (sn. Delamar), where you find <John de la Mare> 1342 and <Henry Dalamare> 1385. Additionally, An Index to the Given Names in the 1292 Census of Paris by Colm Dubh [URL: http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/paris.html ] has several names of the form <de la X>.
Bertrand -- Dauzat's Dictionnaire Etymologique Des Noms de Famille et Prenoms de France, pg. 40, 3rd ed., (sn. Bertrand), states that it is derived from the Germanic "Berht-hramn", meaning roughly "bright raven." Withycombe, pg. 49, (sn. Bertram) identifies the name as the French form of Bertram, the header form, with the statement that the name was introduced to England during the Norman Conquest. In The Book of the Medieval Knight by Stephen Turnbull, Bertrand du Guelsclin, the commander of France's armies, died on 13 July 1380 (pce) The Index to the 1292 Paris Census by Colm Dubh [URL: http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/paris.html ] has a “Bertran le bastier” and a “Bertrant le plastrier”. Names Found in Commercial Documents from Bordeaux, 1470-1520 lists several forms, including several examples of <Bertrand>. [URL: http://www.sit.wisc.edu/~sfriedemann/names/bordeaux.htm ]
Beaumanoir -- The name appears in Dauzat's Dictionnaire Etymologigue Des Noms de Famille et Prenoms de France, third edition on page 63 (although one is then referred to several other pages to find what we think is the ultimate source of the name). Phillipe de Remi took the title "Sire de Beaumanoir" in 1255. His son, Girard, took the title upon his father's death in 1265, and was knighted in 1283. The source for this documentation is Medieval France: An Encyclopedia edited by William Kibler and Grover Zinn (pce). Additionally, "Beaumanoir, Philippe de Remi, sire de , c. 1250-1296, French poet and jurist, a writer of medieval law texts. He was a judicial officer at Clermont and Senlis. His Coutumes de Beauvoisis [customary laws of the region of Beauvais] is an important source for medieval French law and social customs."[URL: http://infoplease.lycos.com/ce6/people/A0806651.html ] Finally, the name Beaumanoir is found in The Book of the Medieval Knight by Stephen Turnbull. Jean de Beaumanoir was the commander of Josselin castle in Brittany in 1351 (pce)
"Vert, two tennis racquets, handles in saltire a bordure embattled Or."
As the tennis racquet has never been registered by the College of Arms before, we submit the attached documentation, summarized here, and ask that the device be registered according to Part VII - Compatible Armorial Content, section three, Period Artifacts, of the Rules for Submission. We assert that the tennis racquet is a period artifact, and would be known especially among the upper classes of society in late period.
We have attached pages from The Ultimate Tennis Book: 500 Years of the Sport, edited by Gianni Clerici. This source documents tennis as a period sport, enjoyed by all levels of society, but especially the nobility. Clerici also provides documentation from the writings of Shakespeare and Chaucer to establish that the tennis racquet and the game were known in period (although not necessarily by the name tennis, or with the same rules and instruments during the span of our period.) This source also provides a diagram of racquets and how they changed over time (starting first with the hand and proceeding to the modern racquet). We have chosen to portray the racqhet as drawn from 1583 (picture 11). (pce)
As luck would have it, there is an article in the most recent issue of Tournaments Illuminated (issue 137, Winter 2001). The article discusses instrumepts for striking the ball. It says of the racquet that it is "... very much like a modern racquet, although smaller. The total length is one and a half feet. The width of the stringed area is ten inches. The strings are crosses and made tight, as the modem racquet is. Scaino recommends strings ‘like the thickest used in the Viola"' (pg. 7-8). Scaino refers to Antonio Scaino's Treatise on the Game of the Ball, written for the Prince of Ferrara. Copy of the article is attached.
It is hoped that the information given above, along with the accompanying documentation, will meet with the approval of the College, and that the device will be accepted. My internal commentators did a conflict check against paddles and hand mirrors and found no conflicts.
"[Fieldless] a wolf's head erased contourney argent."
Conflict with Fáelán MacFergus, "Per bend sinister wavy sable and checky Or and gules, in canton a wolf's head erased contourny argent." One CD for field, but nothing for position when comparing against a fieldless badge. (Precedent is LoAR 7/99 R-Middle Clare of Hele.)
"Gules, a chevron embattled ermine between three crosses bottony, a border argent."
Possible conflict with: John FitzGerald de Clare, “Gules, a chevron embattled ermine between three Latin crosses bottony argent, each enfiled bendwise of a county coronet Or.” There is one CD for removing/adding the bordure. There is no difference between a cross bottony and a Latin cross bottony (LoAR 8/99 R-Ansteorra Matilda Merryweather). There may or may not be a difference for the coronets; it depends on how visually significant they are. Additionally, there seems to be some ambiguity as to whether you can have overlapping charges with a common tincture. A gore argent and a bordure ermine was returned in November 1992. A compony bordure with erminois on an Or field was returned in October 1994. However, a chevron ermine and bordure argent was registered in November 1996 as well as the citation listed above. It is possible that this submission can’t be registered, but given the possibility that it could be, I feel compelled to forward it.
"Per pale sable and Or, a trillium gules barbed vert."
Possible conflict: Ivan Gregorivich (Oct 82) "Per bend sinister argent and sable, a prickly pear flower gules seeded Or, leaved of acanthus vert." Clearly one CD for the field. The flowers may possibly be in conflict. A trillium is ground cover, has three petals and insignificant leaves. A prickly pear is a four foot cactus, has five or six petals and has large leaves. Given the differences, I’m forwarding it to Laurel for a decision.
Elizabeth -- Withycombe, pg. 99-100, (sn. Elizabeth), dates this spelling to 1205.
McGrigour – Black, pg. 505, (sn. McGregor) lists the form McGrigour to 1586. Feminine Given Names in King's Stanley Marriages: 1573-1600, gives the spelling in 1585 and 1587. [URL: http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/mari/kingsstanley/FemGivenNamesAlpha.html ]
The Academy of St. Gabriel Archive dates the submitted spelling of the surname to 1586. [URL: http://www.panix.com/~gabriel/public-bin/showfinal.cgi?1397 ]
"Gules, a chalice Or and in chief two stirrups argent."
The stirrups are in the standard SCA depiction, i.e., without the straps (cf. PIC-DIC, fig. 706).
Clear of: Harold of Pleasure (July 1984) "Gules, a dexter gauntlet fesswise proper holding a goblet Or." as examination makes it clear that the objects are coprimaries.
Clear of: Daniel de Tankard, (Dec. 1974) "Gules, a tankard of beer Or, headed argent." There is one CD for adding the stirrups and a second, by precedent, for the difference between a chalice and a tankard (LoAR 9/95 p. 7).
Fordwin -- St. Gabriel Report #253 (pce) "We did find a list of Anglo-Norman names which were taken from various documents from the 12th and 13th centuries; any of these would be perfect for a name from your period. The list was compiled by Niccola de Braxton (Susan Carroll-Clark). ... Rarer names include: ... Fordwin ..." [URL: http://www.panix.com/~gabriel/public-bin/showfinal.cgi?253 ]
Reaney and Wilson, pg. 174, (sn. Fordwin), give Richard filius Fortwin in 1221 and William Fordwin in 1208. They derive the surname from the OE For{d=}wine and indicate that it was in fact used as a given name.
Marchand -- St. Gabriel Report #481 (pce) "'Traveller' is so common in the SCA that it's a cliche. Names like 'baker' and 'smith' describe what a person does for a living, and it's not possible to survive just by travelling. People with personas who wander can usually find names which mean mercenary, merchant, or whatever they actually do. Here are some examples of names which were applied to people whose occupations caused them to travel. ... Merchants: Marchand, Marchant, Lemarchand, Marquant ..." [URL: http://www.panix.com/~gabriel/public-bin/showfinal.cgi?481 ]
Reaney and Wilson, pg. 298, (sn. Marchant), list a Roger Marcand (Marchand') in 1202 and a Ranulph le Marchand in 1240, and derive the name from the OFr occupational term marchand.
"Argent, a mallet fesswise, head to sinister sable, on a bordure indented vert, six annulets Or."
"Or, six crescents pendant two, two and two azure."
The submitter believed that his name was registered, when in fact it was not. He has since submitted the proper name forms. The device is being held until the name forms catch up with it. :-)
Laurette -- Latin, Dictionary of Given Names by Flora Haines Loughead, pg 181 (pce) Withycombe, pg. 191, (sn. "Laura, Lauretta"), dates "Lauretta" to 1203-15 and says that it is a diminutive of Laura (she also says that Laurencia is the Latin form). In addition, Lauretta is one of the storytellers in The Decameron. R&W, pg. 273, (sn.Laurette) offers various spellings (all with -a) as given names, including “Lauretta Picot” 1185. The matronymic Laurette is likely to represent the medieval vernacular form. Laurette de LOTHRINGEN (about 1075-about 1175) was the wife of Raoul I Count VERMANDOIS (about 1073-1152). search [URL: http://genpc.com/gen/files/d0036/f0000023.html ]
Montsalvy – The Catholic Encyclopedia, entry Rodez, [URL: http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13107a.htm ] cites:
Among Saints specially honoured in the Diocese of Rodez and Vabres are: S. Antoninus of Pamiers, Apostle of the Rouergue (date uncertain); S. Gratus and S. Ansutus, martyrs (fourth century); S. Naamatius, deacon and confessor (end of fifth century); Ste. Tarsicia, grand-daughter of Clothaire I and of Ste-Radegunda, who retired to the Rouergue to lead an ascetic life (sixth century); S. Africanus, wrongly styled Bishop of Comminges, who died in the Rouergue (sixth century); S. Hilarianus, martyred by the Saracens in the time of Charlemagne (eighth and ninth century); S. George, a monk in the Diocese of Vabres, afterwards Bishop of Lodève (877); 8. Guasbert, founder and first abbot of the monastery of Montsalvy in the modern Diocese of St. Flour (eleventh century).
Montsalvy is found in Dauzat and Rostaing, Dictionnaire des noms de lieu en France, pg. 471, (sn. Mons). The form <abbe de montis Salvii> is dated to 1080.
"Argent, two hummingbirds rising respectant, wings elevated and addorsed, a chief engrailed trefoily at the points purpure."
The chief invected trefoily is probably not registerable; Laurel has in the past banned "doubly-complex" lines of division (LoAR 6/97 p. 12, chape ploye engrailed, 12/97 p. 11, engrailed and fleury) Additionally Aethelmearc submissions by Clement of Morroco and Charles of Alden were returned for the same reason as well.
This is actual a re-submission of kingdom return done very early during Margaret’s tenure as Silver Buccle, Lyon von Wolfram. However, since been well over a year since that return, it’s considered a new submission.
Lyon -- R&W, pg. 289, (s.n. Lyon), date <Lyon> as a given name to 1293. Index to the Given Names in the 1292 Census of Paris by Cohn Dubh cites "Lyon le Rous" and "Lyon d'Acre" [URL: http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/paris.html ]
Wolfram -- Reaney & Wilson, pg. , (sn. Wolfram), "Ralph filius Wifrun" cited to 1209, "Thomas Woulfran" cited to 1297 there is also a cite for Alice Wolfroun dated to 1332.
"Per chevron azure and argent, two wolves combattant Or and a castle gules."
Clear of: Wulfstan Egweald, "Per chevron sable and Or, two wolves combattant and a tower counterchanged." There is one CD for changing the tinctures of the field and a second for changing the tincture of the tower, which as the bottommost of three charges does count as one-half of the group. (CL 9/90 p. 2) **squeek**
Clear of: Seadna Adhare, "Per chevron azure and argent, two wolves combattant argent and an oak tree proper" with one CD for the tincture of the primary charge group, and one for a substantial change of type of the lowermost charge in the primary charge group. **squeek**
Device: "Purpure, three unicorns couchant in pale argent."
Badge: "A unicorn vairy pean and Or."
By Laurel policy, "the name Rhiannon may not be coupled with horses or unicorns, in view of Rhiannon's function as a horse goddess." (LoAR 27 Sep 86, p. 12) (See also: LoAR 25 Jan 87, p. 22)
Note From Webmaster: These decisions have been reversed, and Myfanwy's device and badge will appear on External Letter of Intent #Æ49.
Rúadhán – O’C&M, pg. 157, (sn. Rúadán), cites this as a late period form of the name, St. Rúadán who founded the monastery of Lorrha
Ó Conchobhair – MacLysaught, pg. 55, (sn. O'Connor) gives this as the Gaelic form of the name recorded in Black, pg. 634, (sn. Oconochar), in 1622. Black asserts it's an "ancient" Irish name. O'C&M, pg. 57, (sn. Conchobar), gives the spellings "Conchobar: Conchobhar, Conchor" Jones, Heather Rose (Tangwystyl verch Morgant Glasvryn), 100 Most Popular Men's Names in Early Medieval Ireland [URL: http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/tangwystyl/irish100] gives "Conchobor", with the genitive forms "Conchobuir, Conchobair".
Sara -- R&W, pg. 374, (sn. Reading, et al.), documents "Sara de Redyngg" to 1311 Withycombe, pg. 263-64, (sn. Sara(h) ), dates this spelling to 1379.
de Lindley -- R&W, pg 280, (sn. Lindley). "Siward de Lindele" is documented to 1204
Tristan -- Withycombe, pg. 283, (s.n. Tristram) "The christian name occurs in England from 1189 in the form Tristram, which was the usual one in England, though it was exceptional in France. The intermediate form Tristran is found in one of the earliest French Tristan romances." (pce) Additionally, the following is from the St. Gabriel archives [URL: http://www.panix.com/~gabriel/publicbin/showfinal.cgi?2253+0 ]
"The name is found in France from the 12th century onward [1]. In particular, we found recorded in Paris during the 13th century [2] and in Bordeaux c.1500 [3]."
Ravencrest – "Crest" is documented to 1340 meaning a hill or mountain (OED, p1167). "Ravencrest" is a plausible construction analogous to “Ravenscroft”. The name Wulfstan of Ravenscrest was registered in March 1999.
Dictionary of English and Welsh Surnames by Bardsley, pg. 637 (sn. Ravenscroft) "Local 'of Ravenscroft', a township in the parish of Middlewich, co. Chester" various spellings from 1565 to 1757. (pce) Dictionary of Surnames by Hanks and Hodges, pg.445, (sn. Ravenscroft) "habitation name from a place in Ches. so called from the gen. case of the OE byname Hræfn 'Raven' + OE croft 'paddock, smallholding'" (pce)
A search of the St. Gabriel archives [URL: http://www.panix.com/~gabriel/public-bin/showfinal.cgi?423+0 ] found the following:
"There is a place called "Ravenscroft" in Chesire. The references we found don't say how old it is, but we found a citation of "Ravenescroft" which is typical for around 1200."
If Ravenscrest cannot be registered, we will recommend Ravenscroft as an alternative.
"Quarterly, azure and argent of the 2nd and 3rd, a raven close on a decrescent sable."
The use of two charges in the charged quarters violates XI.3.b on marshalling.
His resubmission, “Quarterly azure and argent, in pale a raven close perched on
a decrescent sable” is on IloI#AE51.