Æthelmearc External Letter of Intent #AE54/55

(Fieldless) A lozenge within and conjoined to an annulet sable.

Her name was registered in January 1993.

Argent estencelly, a crescent azure.

Her name was registered in January 2000.

(Fieldless) A crescent argent estencelly azure.

Her name was registered in January 2000.

(Fieldless) Three pheons conjoined in pall points outward per pale sable and Or.

His name change was registered in November 2001.

She intends her name to be feminine. She wants her name to be authentic for French language. An earlier name change, Marie d'Avignon, was returned by Atlantia; she was notified in November of 2000. Her current name was registered in July 1999.

Alicia and Marie are both found as feminine given names in "Names from Fourteenth Century Foix" by Catelin de la Mor.

d'Avignon is derived from the header spelling in Dauzat & Rostaing (s.n. Avignon); dated citations include de Avinione from the 12th c.

Per chevron pean and gules, on a chevron rayonny Or a wyvern displayed gules maintaining an axe fesswise argent hafted proper.

Withycombe says that Angus is a common Scottish name, and says that it was the name of a 7^th century saint as well as a legendary hero.

Langaxe is a constructed byname made up of of lang "long" and axe. Reaney and Wilson give many bynames using the spelling Lang- including Langbridge and Langbain. Under Long-, Reaney and Wilson list (s.n. Longspey) Longspey "long sword" dated to 1375. This same entry lists Richard Langknyf, 1332. Also listed is Richard Longstaf in 1210. Given this, Langaxe seems plausible.

Argent, three chevronels braced and on a chief azure three roses argent.

He intends his name to be masculine and wants his name to be authentic for 9^th century Ireland. The construction is found in "Dated Names Found in O Corrain & Maguire's Irish Names" by Mari Elspeth nic Brian, where Scandlán Mór mac Cind Faelad is dated to 646 AD and Máel Sechnail Mór mac Domnaill to 1022.

Anlon m. Concobair is dated to 810 in the Annals of Connacht http://www.ucc.ie/celt/online/G100011/header.html.

Find is found as a descriptive masculine byname in Tangwystyl "Early Irish Feminine Names from the Index to O'Brien's 'Corpus Genealogiarum Hiberniae'" http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/tangwystyl/obrien/.

OC&M (s.n. Robertach) date Robertach as a male name in 836. Robertaigh is a guess at the genitive form, as the late period form is given as Mac Robhartaigh in Woulfe.

He intends his name to be masculine. He will not accept major changes.

OC&M (s.n. Anmchaid) dates Anmchaid mac Murchada to 1017. Woulfe gives Ó Mórdha as a header form and says "Rory O'More [was] a celebrated chieftain in the reigns of Henry and Elizabeth."

Per pale gules and vert, three cat's heads cabossed Or.

Her name is intended to be feminine. She will accept minor changes only. If her name must be changed, she cares most about having a Norse name.

Ástrídr and Brandr are both found in Geirr Bassi. The byname is constructed according to the rules on p. 17.

This may conflict with Dalmatia Azure, three lions heads cabossed crowned Or. However, we ask Wreath to clarify the issue. By long precedent, gorging is treated as a tertiary charge when the head of a beast is so gorged:

When considering a full beast or monster gorged, the gorging is usually treated as an artistic detail, worth no difference. When consider[ing] the same creature's *head* gorged, however, the gorging is much more prominent in proportion --- and treated as a tertiary charge. (Crown Principality of Avacal, September, 1993, pg. 5)

However, it does not explicitly address crowns atop heads. Elsbeth returned a badge, asserting that there is not always a CD given for crowning a head:

Conflict with the Dukes of Mecklenburg (important non-SCA arms), Or, an ox's head cabossed sable crowned Or. The depictions of the crown we found are not large enough to be worth difference, in part because the crown is Or on an Or field.

This case, however, has good contrast, and the evidence I found online seems to support the idea that the crown are not optional in these arms, which are still used in the coats of arms of various Baltic states. Therefore, we submit this for Wreath’s consideration.

(Fieldless) A crescent purpure.

Her name was registered in December 1996.

Per chevron rayonny sable and Or, two caravels and a sword counterchanged.

He wants a masculine name and will accept any changes.

Morgan and Morgan (s.n. Cadwgan) list Cadogan as a header spelling and date spellings of the name to the time of Edward I and also to 1556.

Reaney and Wilson (s.n. Blades) date James Blaydes to 1506.

Clear of Colin Mac Chlurain Per chevron throughout sable and Or, a sword inverted sable between in chief two drinking horns addorsed Or. There is one CD for the change in the type of the primary charges in chief from drinking horns to caravels, and one for the change in line of division from plain to rayonny.

Per pale sable and argent, a lozenge fesswise gules.

If this is accepted, her previous device Per fess wavy argent and barry wavy azure and argent, in chief three wyverns sejant gules, registered in August of 1999, should be released.

We ask Wreath to examine Artur of Daeyrnmoore Quarterly sable and argent, a lozenge fesswise throughout Or voided gules. If the lozenge is effectively gules, fimbriated Or, this is in conflict, with only one CD for the changes to the field (as fimbriation does not contribute to difference. If the gules lozenge is effectively a tertiary charge, this is clear, with one additional CD for the change of the tincture of the lozenge, and a third for the removal of a tertiary charge.

(Fieldless) A crescent per pale Or and ermine.

His name was registered in September 2000.

Per pale sable and argent, three towers within a bordure counterchanged.

Originally submitted as Caradawc Mendwr, the name was changed to make it authentic (to 1292-3, to match the byname). He wants a masculine name. He wants it to be authentic for Welsh, but will not accept major changes.

In the Merioneth Lay Subsidy Roll (Keridwen - see below), the documentary spelling Cradoc is found. The submitted Caradawc is found "in early poetry texts" according to Morgan and Morgan (s.n. Caradog); they date Craddoc to 1292.

Mendwr is an occupational byname in thirteenth century Wales (meaning 'mender') found in "Names and Naming Practice in the Merioneth Lay Subsidy Roll 1292-3" (by Keridwen ferch Morgan Glasvryn, now Tangwystl, 1991 KWHS Proceedings, p. 102).

Gules, on a tower argent within an orle of chamomile flowers argent seeded Or a heart gules.

She wants a feminine name, and will not accept major changes.

Withycombe (s.n. Cynthia) gives Cynthia as a header form and says that "English writers in the later Middle Ages, struggling to spell Sanchia (q.v.), sometimes turned it into Cynthia, but the name was not really used until the Renaissance."

Reaney and Wilson (s.n. Love) derive Love from a given name and date Peter Love to 1255.

Reaney and Wilson (s.n. Tower) dates William de la Tur to 1260 and Theobald atte Tur to 1296. The modern spelling of the Tower should be acceptable.

(Fieldless) An ermine spot sable.

His name was registered in September 2001.

(Fieldless) A hedgehog statant per pale or and azure.

His name was registered in June 2001.

Argent, a kraken vert, a bordure sable semy of acorns argent.

His name is intended to be masculine. He accepts all changes.

Duarcán is a header form in OC&M, who say that the name "occurs…in the later middle ages."

Black (s.n. Maccrackan) dates Michael Makcraken to 1526.

The submitter does not care about the gender of the name. He will only accept the following changes: Durr can be changed to Dur (which would be grandfathered from his currently registered name) and capitalization can be changed. His name was registered in February 1983.

Durr is a word meaning 'pearls' which has been used in bynames; he is willing to accept the use of Dur, which is grandfathered to him and was justified originally as a hypochoristic form of Romance names with the prototheme <Dur-> (such as Durand). There is substantial evidence of contact between Arabs and Romance speakers in Spain, Sicily, and Palestine, including French speakers.

Min is a particle meaning "of"; it is grammatically necessary here because of the complex byname.

The byname al-Jabal al-Mukhfi is intended to mean "of the hidden mountain." While one set of commentary suggests that the construction may not be the best translation of "of hidden mountain" (meaning something more like "the mountain that hides [itself]" or "mountain of the concealer" it still suggests that the construction is at least plausible.

William Seibert (wajdi) says:

"So the grammatically correct form of the name with the meaning you want would be Durr Min Jabal al-Muchfi…" (ch and kh are transcriptions of the same letter).

Sion Andreas says:

"'Mukhfii' is the active participle of the Form IV verb "akhfaa" Root (Kh-F-Y) meaning 'to hide or conceal." The active participle means "one who or that which hides or conceals." The name as stands means "from the mountain of the concealer." (I believe that his -ii is a long marker, that can also be transcribed -i).

Her name was registered in December of 2000 as Edan inghean an Druiadh, a signficant change from the submitted Edana Ingen an Druaidh. As far as we can determine, the byname was simply misspelled on the LoAR; MacLysaught gives the form as Druaidh, not Druiadh, though the change from Ingen to inghean is certainly acceptable.

The given name was originally documented as the feminine form of Aedan from Coughlin, a source which gives modern forms only. The College of Heralds of Æthelmearc found evidence of Edan dated to 1379 (Withycombe s.n. Edith) and the name was changed accordingly. However, the client argues that Edan could reasonably be Latinized Edana and points to the forms Edine dated to 1273 (under the same heading) for evidence of the name being used with two syllables. In addition, she points to the fact that Edana was registered twice as recently as 1996 (as Edana O'Donnelly and Edana of Dreiburgen), with these words:

"... The Caidan CoH offers an alternative justification based on Withycombe's 1379 citation of Edan as a diminutive of Edith. The full citation, which can be found s.n. Eden in Bardsley's Dictionary of English and Welsh Surnames, confirms that the name is feminine. (Withycombe's 1273 citation of Edon, on the other hand, is more likely to be masculine, from Old English Eadhún.) Its origin is uncertain, but Withycombe's guess that it is ultimately a diminutive of Edith is plausible. Withycombe's 1273 citation of Edine probably shows a Latin genitive of Edina - Bardsley, loc. cit., gives what seems to be the original citation as Nel fil. Edine - which contains the standard Anglo-French diminutive suffix -in and the feminine ending -a. This would seem to have been Edin in the vernacular, which in the 1379 Yorkshire Poll Tax records appears as Eden and Edden, a normal development. The citation Edan is from the same records and appears to record an aberrant spelling. Also in these records we find such pairs as Emmot Rokelar and Emmota serviens Johannis (Bardsley, s.n. Emmott), showing that they contain both vernacular and superficially Latinized forms. It is therefore not out of the question that Eden or Edan might also have appeared in a Latinized part of the record as Edena or Edana. Note, however, that this argument makes sense only in a context in which the name might reasonably have been Latinized. By the end of our period the name, if it was still in use at all, would normally have appeared in the vernacular form, Ed(d)en. The issue does not arise in the present instance because Dreiburgen, as the registered name of her branch, is in a sense ‘context free’."

One commenter argued that the name has two weirdnesses, one for combining an English given name with Gaelic, and a second for Latinizing it in a "context in which the name would not have been Latinized" (per the above precedent). However, there is no temporal incompatibility, as demonstrated by Anglo-Irish Latin record from the 16th century (Tangwystyl verch Morgant Glasvryn "Names and Naming Practices in the Fitzwilliam Accounts from 16th century Ireland"). In the Latin records, one finds both Gaelic names (like Murgho for Murchadh) and English ones (like Edmundus). The bynames are not Latinized, though they are Anglicized. Both <Mc-> and <O-> forms are represented, and at least one woman has an Anglicized patronymic byname (Shane, almost certainly from Séan).

Argent, an acorn vert, a bordure wavy sable semy of oak leaves argent.

Her name was registered in November 2001.

(Fieldless) On an oak leaf argent an acorn vert.

Her name was registered in November 2001.

His armory was registered under the name Geoffrey of Sunderoak in April of 2000. His name submission Geoffrey Montgomery was returned for being insufficiently different from his mundane name Jeffrey Montgomery. The adition of de is sufficient to allow registration, according to precedent.

Geoffrey is found in Withycombe, which says . Reaney and Wilson list a Hugo de Montgomeri in 1086 (s.n. Montgomery).

Vert, on a pile between two arrows in pile Or a fox's mask sable.

As submitted, the lines of the pile were too close to the corners. A pile does not issue from the corners, but from the top of the shield. A redrawn version will be sent to Laurel, with the pile set in further from the corners.

Submitted as Ihon Edmiston, the name was changed to reflect his request for authenticity. His name is intended to be masculine. He will not accept major changes. He is interested in having his name be authentic for "Scottish."

Ihon is found in Symon Freser of Lovat "13^th and 14^th Century Scottish Names."

Edmiston is a sub-header form in Black (s.n. Edmonston); dated forms include Edmundiston 1248 and Edmideston 1322. It is also a sub-header under Edmeston, and forms are dated from 1550 on.

Sable, a rose slipped and leaved argent in chief two suns Or.

His name was sent to Laurel on the October 2001 Æthelmearc letter.

Argent, a two-headed eagle displayed and on a chief sable a lion passant argent.

Submitted as John de Douglas, the name was changed to match his request for authenticity. The name is intended to be masculine. He wants it to be authentic for 12^th-13^th century English, and will accept any changes.

John is a header form in Withycombe who says it is "a fairly common English name in the 12^th-15^th c…."

Douglas is a header form in Reaney and Wilson, and William de Duglas is dated to 1175-99. All early citations we could find have Du- rather than Dou-.

Per pale gules and Or, a wyvern counterchanged a chief embattled sable.

The name is intended to be masculine. He requested that his name be authentic for "Norman" culture, but later informed me that the name Jonathan is more important than authenticity. He will accept any changes.

Jonathan is a header form in Withycombe, with Jonathas cited to the 13th c., and Jonathus cited to 1213. In addition, Jonathan is dated to 1599 in Mari Elspeth nic Brian "Names in Chesham 1538-1600/1."

d'Abernon is a header form in R&W, with Roger de Abernon cited to 1086, and Jordan Dabernun to 1197. The submitted form is a nice interpolation.

The submitter has been informed to draw the chief larger.

(Fieldless) In saltire a daffodil Or and another gules.

Her name was registered in January 1994.

Quarterly azure and sable, two butterflies volant respectant wings addorsed argent.

She will allow changes to the given name but none to the surname.

Withycombe (s.n. Katharine) gives Katherine as a subordinate header form and states that the name came into England by the 12^th century through Saint Katharine.

Reaney and Wilson give Kiersey as a subheader (s.n. Kersey). Adam de Kersey is dated to 1325. MacLysaght (s.n. Keirsey) gives Kiersey as a subordinate header form, and says that it is a Norman toponymic that came to Co. Waterford in the 13^th century.

I am not happy with the blazon, and would appreciate suggestions on how to improve it.

Argent, a lightening bolt palewise sable between three cinquefoils pierced gules.

Her name was submitted to Laurel on the December 2001 Æthelmearc letter.

Per fess rayonny sable and gules, in base a horse courant contourny a chief embattled argent.

This holding name was registered in December 2000.

Per fess gules and vert, on a fess embattled Or three suns sable.

Mathias is dated to 1332, 1375, and 1388 in Talan Gwynek "Medieval German Given Names from Silesia" (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/talan/bahlow/bahlow)

Brechenmacher cites Mendel Swellenpeck in 1381 and Christoph Mendel zu Eichstätt in 1497.

The name is intended to be feminine. She will accept all changes.

Rubina is a header form in de Felice Nomi, who says it "continua un nome affettivo già medievale formato da rubino..."which I take to indicate that it dates back to the Middle Ages.

Da Cimento is a locative surname in 14^th century Venice (Arval Benicouer and Talan Gwynek "Fourteenth Century Venetian Personal Names")

Argent, two lions combattant guardant sable, on a chief azure three lilies argent.

The name is intended to be feminine. She wants her name to be authentic for Scots, and will allow all changes.

Sabina is dated to 1199-1265 in Withycombe (s.n. Sabina).

Borthwick Castle was constructed in 1430-2, according to Castles of Britain and Ireland (Plantagenet Somerset Fry) (s.n. Borthwick). In addition, Black (s.n. Borthwick) cites William de Borthwick in 1378.

Sayyida is found in "Andalusian Names: Arabs in Spain" by Juliana de Luna (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/juliana/andulusia). The byname al-Zahra 'the radiant' is found in the same source. Originally associated with Fatima, the byname became a devotional name that remains in wide use today according to Annemarie Schimmel. While women more frequently have a patronymic byname as well, this pattern is found in period.

Sayyida is also the word that we use to mean "lady." However, it is registerable. RfS VI.1 says in part:

Names documented to have been used in period may be used, even if they were derived from titles, provided there is no suggestion of territorial claim or explicit assertion of rank. For example, Regina the Laundress is acceptable but Regina of Germany is not.

Per chevron rayonny purpure and Or, two moons in their plenitude and a willow tree counterchanged.

The name is intended to be feminine. She will accept all changes.

Tedesca is intended to be a variant of Tedeska, found in Arval Benicouer, "Feminine Given Names from Thirteenth Century Perugia."

Niccola is found as a family name in 1427 Florence (Anonymous, "Family Names Appearing in the Catasto of 1427")

This is the group which has previously submitted both Orion's Gate and Og, the latter returned at Kingdom. They care most about the sound of the name. Wynterset is found in Reaney and Wilson (s.n. Wintersett). Hugh de Wynterset is dated to 1379. In addition, the spelling Wintersete is dated to 1125 in Mills (s.n. Wintersett). Nothing indicates that this location is sufficiently important to be protected.

Bibliography

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