1.
Adeliz Argenti – New BadgeIt is
the intent of the Æthelmearc College of Heralds to register the
following devices. Unless otherwise noted, submitters will
accept any changes and will allow holding names.
1.
Adeliz Argenti – New Badge
Per
saltire azure and Or, a bordure gules.
Her name was
registered February 1987 via the Middle
Kingdom.
2.
Aíbell Shúlglas – New
Badge
Azure, in pale
the letter S and two bars wavy argent.
Her name
was registered in September 2001via
Æthelmearc.
3.
Artemius Le Chaenier – New Name
and Device
Per
pale sable and vert, on a plate a leaf vert.
The name is
intended to be masculine. The submitter
will not accept major changes and cares most about the meaning
“Artemius the
Chainmaker.” The submitter is not requesting authenticity.
Artemius – Morlet, Les Noms de Personne sur le
Territoire de L'Ancienne Gaule, vol. II, p. 21, s.n. Artemius,
dates the
name to approximately 579 and 581.
Le – French definite article “the”
Chaenier – French for “chain-maker.” Colm Dubh, “Occupational By-Names in the 1292 Tax Role of Paris” (WWW: Scott Catledge, 2000-2005), http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/parisbynames.html, gives this spelling as the masculine form and notes one occurrence in the data from which the article is drawn.
Albion and
others noted the temporal disparity
(one step from period practice). Albion raised the question as to
whether a
second step from period practice is caused by a lingual disparity
between late
13th century French and Old French/Frankish. Also, we were
uncertain
as to whether the definite article and the occupational byname should
be
capitalized or not. The source article for the byname does not
capitalize the
word, but we are uncertain as to whether this is carried over from the
article’s source documents.
4.
Catrijn van der Hedde – New Name
The name
is intended to be feminine. The
submitter will accept any changes and cares most about sound. The submitter is not requesting authenticity.
Catrijn – Aryanhwy
merch Catmael, “Dutch Names 1393-1396”, s.n. Katerine, http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/dutch/dutch14.html,
lists this spelling
Hedde – Debrabandere, F., Kortrijkse Naamkunde
1200-1300 Met EEN Kumulatief Familienamenregister, s.n. Hedde, 359:
Hedde – 1269 terre empte a liberis Hedden...liberis
Hidden, OLV 129. p. 78.
There was no
photocopy of this source in the Pennsic
packet and it’s not listed on the no-photocopy list. Kingdom-level
commenters
were unable to locate the publication. Can someone in the College of
Arms
perhaps supply a copy of this?
Albion noted
that a Google search on “van der
Hedde” yielded only one hit other than
the ILoI. This is a genealogical site which records a marriage on
October 24th,
1666 in Koudekerk, South Netherlands between a woman <Claes>
(born April
1, 1630) to one <Apollony Jans van der Hedde> (no birthdate
given).
“Kwartierstaat Bol" (WWW: Ben Wilbrink, 2006) [URL:
http://www.benwilbrink.nl/genealogie/bol.htm]
Albion also
found a “Vestmeestersrekening” from 1464
at [http://www.janvanhout.nl/vmr/vmr_rekening/vmr1464.htm] which has
<Kerstant van der Hede>. She
notes that the spellings do not appear to be modernized or regularized.
5.
Ceridwen verch y gof – New Name, New Device
Argent,
a lion’s head erased contourny vert
The name is
intended to be feminine. The submitter
will accept any changes and cares most about the meaning “Ceridwen
daughter of
the smith” and the Welsh language. The submitter is not requesting
authenticity.
Her previous
name submission of <Cerridwyn ingen
Cera> was pended at
kingdom on Letter of Report AE95 dated June 22, 2006, and returned on
Letter of
Report Æ 98 dated October 26, 2006.
The device
submission was reviewed favorably by
the Æthelmearc College of Heralds, but was pended on Letter of
Report AE95 for
lack of an accompanying name submission.
Ceridwen - This spelling was ruled SCA compatible
[Ceridwen Sais, 08/00, A-Caid]
verch - Welsh meaning "daughter"
y gof - Welsh meaning "the smith"
Tangwystyl
verch Morgant Glasvryn, "A
Simple Guide to Constructing 16th Century Welsh Names (in English
Contexts)" (WWW: Heather Rose Jones, 2005),
http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/welsh16.html, under Occupations,
gives <y
gof> as the Welsh occupational byname meaning "the smith".
Additionally,
Tangwystyl verch Morgant
Glasvryn, posting to the SCA Heralds list-serve in response to a
request for
advice regarding this submission stated:
On the other hand, if she wants to indicate that she's
the daughter of a smith without specifying her father's given name,
then we
have the examples of:
Gwenll[ian]
f[ilia] Ygof (1320, the Extent of
Aberffraw)
Eva filia ygof (1292, Lleyn Lay Subsidy Roll)
(The use of Latin "filia" here is normal for
legal records of this era, but Welsh "verch" also occurs.)
The
byname was originally submitted as <ferch y
Gof>. Commenters noted that <gof> was not capitalized
in the
sources.
6.
Cormac O'Gadhra – New Device
Per
chevron sable and vert, a decrescent and a
lion dormant argent, a bordure ermine.
His name was
registered May 1998 via Æthelmearc.
7.
Cristina inghean Ghriogair – New
Name
The name
is intended to be feminine. The
submitter will accept any changes and cares most about Gaelic
language/culture.
The submitter requests
authenticity for the language/culture of Irish Gaelic, 1200-140;
Anglo-Norman
family.
Cristina - Krossa, Sharon, Scottish Gaelic Given Names for Women: Names of Scottish Gaels from Non-Gaelic Scottish Sources (Christian/Christine), http://www.medievalscotland.org/scotnames/gaelicgiven/women/christian.shtml, lists two Irish-Gaelic documentary references to a woman <Cristina inghean Uí Neachtain ben Diarmada Midhigh Meic Diarmata> dated 1269 and 1270.
inghean – Gaelic
meaning “daughter”, post-1200 form.
Ghriogair
– Krossa,
Sharon, “Scottish Gaelic Given
Names:For Men,” http://www.medievalscotland.org/scotnames/gaelicgiven/men.shtml,
lists <Griogair> as a given name occurring between 1401-1500.
Black, The Surnames of Scotland, p. 505, s.n. MacGregor, gives <MacGriogair> as the Gaelic of <MacGregor>.
Lenition is required,
yielding
<Ghriogair>.
8.
Cynwyl MacDaire – Name Change
Registered
as <Cynwyl MacDaire of Land’s
End> October 1985 via the East Kingdom. He wishes to drop the
locative “of
Land’s End”.
9.
Cynwyl MacDaire – New Badge
Argent,
two piles in point sable, each charged
with a plate.
His name was
registered as <Cynwyl MacDaire of
Land’s End>, October 1985 via the East Kingdom. His request for name
change
to <Cynwyl MacDaire> appears above.
10.
Dafydd MacNab– New Badge
Vert, a
wall issuant from base argent masoned
sable with a wooden door proper and on a chief argent three cups azure.
His name was
registered March 2004 via Æthelmearc.
11.
Dagr sn{ae}bj{o,}rn Bjarnarson – New
Name and Device
Azure, on a
cross throughout argent between four
demi-bears rampant argent, armed and langued gules, eight gouttes gules.
The name is
intended to be masculine. The submitter
will accept any changes and states no preference for meaning, sound or
language/culture. The submitter is not requesting authenticity.
The name was
originally submitted as < Dagr
“Snaebjorn” Bjarnarson> (including the quotation marks) and
the
submitter originally accepted no changes. Further consultation with the
submitter allowed for the change to the form submitted here, and for
the
further allowance of all changes
Dagr – Geirr-Bassi, p. 9. s.n. Dagr, counts two
occurances in the Landnamabok. Academy of Saint Gabriel report 2743,
http://www.s-gabriel.org/2743, states that the name was “in use in
Norway and
Iceland throughout the Viking period.”
sn{ae}bj{o,}rn – Geirr-Bassi, p.
14, counts three occurances of <Snæbj{o,}rn> in the
Landnamabok. Although
it occurs here as a given name, it is analogous to other documented
animal-based bynames, such as <bjarki> (p. 20) meaning bear-cub
and
<bukkr> (p. 20 meaning he-goat.
Bjarnarson
– Geirr-Bassi, p. 18, gives the patronym of
Bjorn as Bjarnarson
Regarding the
device, concern was expressed about the
couping of the demi-bears being curved and on a diagonal. We found an
online
graphic that appears to be the exemplar on which the submitted drawing
is
based. [URL: http://www.vikinganswerlady.com/ZurichRoll/] The graphic
is a
modern redrawing of the Zurich Roll. Looking at the original painting
on the
Zurich Roll, we see that the demi-bear is couped diagonally with a
moderately
curved line, much as emblazoned on the submission.
12.
Edward of Freehold– New Name and
Device
Vert, a
double-bitted axe and on a chief
embattled Or an arrow fesswise sable.
The name
is intended to be masculine. The
submitter will not accept major changes and cares most about the sound. The submitter is not requesting authenticity.
Edward
– header form in Withycombe, who references
the
presence of an Edward on the throne of England from 1272 to 1377.
of – locative preposition
Freehold
– constructed byname.
Free – Ekwall, p. 187, s.n.
Freeford, lists
<Freford> in 1242 and gives the meaning as a ford for the use of
which no
payment was required. Ibid., s.n. Freefolk, gives <Frefork> in
1271,
perhaps refering to people who were freeholders. Bardsley, p. 300, s.n.
Freeman, gives <Freman> c. 1292 (20 Edw. I R) and in 1379.
-hold – the June 2001 LoAR states
“members of the College
were able to document the occasional use of -hold in period spelling”
[Uther of
Southold].
13.
Elyenora Houll – New Name and
Device
Argent,
on a bend sinister argent fimbriated
sable between six dragonflies purpure three leaves vert.
The name is
intended to be feminine. The submitter
will not accept major changes and does not state a preference for
meaning,
sound, spelling, or language/culture. The submitter is not requesting
authenticity.
Elyenora
–Talan Gwynek,
Feminine Given Names in A Dictionary of English Surnames: Part Two
A-G,
http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/reaneyAG.html, s.n. Eleanor, gives
<Elyenora> dated to 1273.
Houll – Reaney and Wilson, A Dictionary of English
Surnames, p. 235, s.n. Hole, gives <John Houll> dated to 1433.
The
question was raised in commentary whether
this should be blazoned as (1) a bend sinister argent that is charged
and
fimbriated; (2) a bend sinister argent on a bend sinister sable with
the
problem of a fourth layer; or, (3) a bend sinister sable voided, with
the
leaves within the voiding. We have retained the blazon as submitted and
we ask
Wreath for judgment.
14.
Erik von Wildflecken– New Name and
Device
Gyronny of eight
sable and Or, in chief two keys,
wards to base and facing, in chevron inverted and in base a cross formy
counterchanged.
The name
is intended to be masculine. The
submitter will accept all changes and cares most about the meaning,
“Erik of
Wild Place.” The submitter is not
requesting authenticity.
Erik – Bahlow, Dictionary of German Names, p.
107, s.n. Erich, gives <King Erik Edmundsson of Sweden> in the 9th
century; <Erich of Hoya> 1377-1426; <Erich of Lauenburg>
1357-1422.
In
addition, Sveriges Medeltida Personnamn
(Swedish Medieval Names) at [http://www.dal.lu.se/sofi/smp/smp.htm],
s.n. Erik,
dates <Erik> as early as 1352.
Wildflecken
– Bahlow, Dictionary of German Names,
p.
125, s.n. Fleck gives several meanings in the Middle Ages, including
“...also
‘dirt, spot, stain’ and ‘patch of land’, and gives <E. zum
Flecke> in
Mainz 1323 and <R. im Wiesenfleck> in the Tyrol 1391.
Bahlow, Deutschlands
Geographische Namenwelt.,
s.n. Wildungen, p. 539, states:
a. Eder, Mündung der Wilde, entspricht Bodung a. Bode,
Heldrungen a. Heldra usw. <wild> meint nicht dt. ‘wild’, sondern
<wil-d> ‘sumpf, moor’, analog zu <mil-d.: die Milde! Vgl.
<wildo> a. d. <Wildia> 9. Jh. Bei Drongen.”
Given as
“Fleck” is used as “Wiesenfleck”,
dated to 1391 and “wild” as “wildungen”, it seems plausible that
“Wildflecken”
(a modern German place name) could be a period construction of a German
locative surname.
Wikipedia,
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wildflecken, s.n. Wildflecken, states
“Wildflecken, founded in 1524, is a small town in the district of Bad
Kissingen
in northeastern Bavaria.”
We note
that the combination of Swedish and
German is one step from period practice [Beorn Boghener, 11/03]. The
submitter
is aware of the lingual disparity.
15.
Finn Folhare – New Badge
(Fieldless)
A hare rampant argent within and
conjoined to a joscelyn wreathed gules and ermine belled Or.
His name
was registered April 2003 via Æthelmearc. If this badge
passes, is current badges (Fieldless) A comedy mask per pale ermine
and
gules, and (Fieldless) A brown ass rampant proper
within and
conjoined to a joscelyn wreathed gules and ermine belled Or, are to
be retained.
16.
Gwynnedd o’r Dyffryn – New Device
Gules,
a coney rampant contourny argent and in
chief three tau crosses Or.
This name
was registered October 1991 via the
East Kingdom.
17.
Günther Isemann– New Name
The name
is intended to be masculine. The
submitter will accept all changes and does not state a preference for
meaning,
sound, spelling or language/culture. The
submitter is not requesting authenticity.
Günther
– Bahlow, Dictionary of German Names,
p.
177, s.n. Günther , states that Gunther was among the
“famous Burgundian
kings (at the court of Worms) and brothers of Kriemhild in the
epic
Nibelungenlied (around 1200)” and that Günther “has been a leading
name in
Thur. since the Middle Ages.”
Isemann
– Bahlow, Dictionary of German Names,
p.
246, s.n. Isemann, states that in the Northern German area, the name
derives
from the Ise River near Gifhorn, and gives parallel constructions such
as
<Huntemann> from the Hunte River and <Ilsemann> from the
Ilse
River. No dates given.
Brechenmacher,
Etymologisches
Woerterbuch der deutschen Familiennamen, vol. 1, p.
781, s.n. Isemann, states it is
from the given name Isanman and lists <Vitus Isemannus aus schw.
Hall>
from 1587.
The
byname was originally submitted to kingdom as
<von dem Iseman>. Although the Pennsic worksheet indicated that
<Isemann> was a geographic area, according to Bawlow,
<Isemann>
seems to mean “a man from the Ise River,” rather than the region
surrounding
the river. Therefore, <von dem Isemann> would mean “from the man
from the
Ise River.” In consultation with the submitter, we have changed the
byname at
kingdom to simply <Isemann>.
18.
Jane Atwell –Device Resubmission
Sable,
three candles and candlesticks argent
within a bordure embattled Or.
Her name
was registered February 2003 via
Æthelmearc. Her previous device submission, Sable, mullety
argent, a lion
contourny Or maintaining a goblet argent, was returned at that time
for
conflict.
19.
Lara Sukhadrev– New Device
Argent,
a candle gules, enflamed Or.
Her name
was registered June 2001via
Æthelmearc.
20.
Madelina Bennett – New Name
The name
is intended to be feminine. The
submitter will not accept major changes and cares most about the sound. The submitter is not requesting authenticity.
Madelina
– Withycombe,
The Oxford Dictionary of English Christian Names, p. 202, s.n.
Madeline,
gives <Madelina> dated 1221.
Bennett
– Aryanhwy merch
Catmael, “16th Century
Gloucestershire Names” (WWW: Sara L. Uckelman, 2006) [URL:
http://www.ellipsis.cx/%7Eliana/names/english/late16.html] gives two
occurrences of the submitted spelling in the data set.
In
addition, Bardsley, A
Dictionary of English and Welsh Surnames, p. 94, s.n. Bennett,
gives
<Thomas Bennett> whose son John was baptized in 1578. Earlier
forms
include:
Benett
de Hankeston, 1273
Nicholas
Beneit, 1273
Robert
Benet, I Edw. III [c. 1327]
Reany
& Wilson, p. 39, s.n. Bennet, give
<William Benet>, 1208 and <Robert Benyt>, 1327.
21.
Marianna Molin di Salerno – New
Name
The name
is intended to be feminine. The
submitter will not accept any changes and cares most about spelling. The submitter is not requesting authenticity.
Marianna
– Arval
Benicoeur, "Feminine Given Names from the Online Catasto of Florence of
1427," http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/arval/catasto/,
lists <Marianna> among the names that
occur fewer than five times in the source (one occurance).
Molin – Arval
Benicoeur and Talan Gwynek, “Fourteenth Century Venetian Personal
Names: Table
of Surnames,”
http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/arval/venice14/venice14sur.html#table,
lists both <da Molin> and <Molin> as locative surnames
meaning
“from the mill”
Salerno
– Maridonna Benvenuti, “Mercator's Place
Names
of Italy in 1554: Southern Italy”,
http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/maridonna/mercator/south.html, lists
Salerno as
a Town/City in Campania.
22.
Marija Kotok –Name Change from Mariia Kotova
The name
is intended to be feminine. The
submitter will not accept any changes and states no preference meaning,
sound,
spelling or language/culture. The
submitter is not requesting authenticity.
Her
current name was accepted at Laurel in March 2006, and was changed
from the submitted form of <Marija Kotok>. The current item was
submitted
to kingdom as <Mariia Kotokova>. The submitter had hoped to
register a
form that was closer to her original submission, but which still took
into
account Laurel’s interpretation of the documentation data from
Wickenden. The
submitter has since been in correspondence with Paul Wickenden, upon
whose
research the name was documented. Since Paul Wickenden has expressed
his
support for the originally submitted form, and has provided further
clarification of the supporting data, the submitter has changed this
item to
her originally submitted name of <Marija Kotok>.
The
commentary which accompanied her registration
on the LoAR reads:
Submitted as Marija Kotok, the given name is Croatian and the byname is Russian. No documentation was submitted and none found to demonstrate substantial contact between Russia and Croatia in period. While there was some documentation of contact between the occasional Russian and the occasional Croat, this is different from the kind of prolonged contact between groups of people over long periods of time that is required to allow registration of a name mixing two languages. In addition, there is a more than 300 year gap between the date for the given name and the date for the byname. The bearers of the name Marija are recorded from the 8th and 9th C, while the earliest date for a form of Kot is in 1465. However, the submitter indicated that if the name could not be registered with the Croatian name Marija, she would accept the Russian Mariia. Mariia is found in Wickenden, A Dictionary of Period Russian Names s.n. Mariia, dated to second half of the 12th C. We have made this change.
In addition, the name has another problem. As submitted, this name consists of two given names. In some cultures, this combination might be interpreted as a given name and an unmarked patronymic. However, the second name here is Russian and unmarked patronymics are not found in Russian. According to the introduction to Wickenden, A Dictionary of Period Russian Names:
Unlike modern conventions, nicknames or diminutives commonly appeared in place of full given names. Such short constructions were common for peasants and even occur amongst nobles from time to time. Due to the limits of this work, I will not discuss the issue of nicknames -- an issue requiring extensive discussion, as well as an understanding of Russian that the average medievalist does not possess. This Dictionary lists a fair number of period nicknames (usually identified as diminutive forms) under the main entry for the name.
Footnote 1: As late as the 20th century, it is apparent that most people did not use anything more than their given names. A modern historian noted that half of rural schoolchildren at the turn of the century, attending their first day of classes, did not know their patronymics and/or surnames (Brooks, 1985: 55)!
This strongly suggests that in the example of the name Kotok in Wickenden, Kulik Kotok is one recorded as two given names (one of which is a diminutive) without a surname. To make the name registerable, it is necessary to change the diminutive to a surname. Wickenden records Kotok as a diminutive of Kot; Kotova is an appropriate feminine patronymic form of Kot similar in sound and appearance to Kotok. We have changed the name to Mariia Kotova in order to register it.
Subsequent
correspondence with Paul Wickenden
suggests that the name as it had been originally submitted, <Marija
Kotok>, should be registerable. In an e-mail to the submitter
(copies
provided), Paul Wickenden states:
For Marija, indicate that this is an
acceptable
transliteration of the given name (and follows the system described in
Wickenden [ix] as "International Phonetic").
For Kotok, this is an unmarked patronymic. We have period
examples of it
being used as such -- see Kulik Kotok (dated to c1495) in Wickenden
[164]. While this is listed as a dim of Kot by Wickenden, it is a
bit
more complicated than the entry alludes, as Kulik is already the "old
Russian" given name and there can never be two of these given to a
person. Far more likely, Kulik is the son of Kotok and his full
legal
name would be Kulik (syn) Kotkov. That said, unmarked patronymics
are
common in Russian manuscripts. An unmarked patronymic already
violates
Russian grammar rules so it also does not necessarily need to be
feminized
(I.e., you wouldn't change it to Kotka). In the structure Kulik
Kotok, we
see an implication that all of the offspring of Kotok could be spelled
the same
way.
I fully support the name Marija Kotok. I also support Marija
Kotkova.
Paul
Wickenden confirmed via e-mail to
Cornelian that he had been quoted correctly by the submitter. A second
correspondence from Paul Wickenden to Cornelian (copies included)
further
clarifies as follows:
…no
one would have had a name with two "old-Russian" given names. If either Kotok or Kulik were Christian
names, then Kotok (in the case of Kulik Kotok) could have been a given
name,
but it is more likely that Kulik is the person's given name and Kotok
is an
unmarked patronymic. Thus, the example
of Kulik Kotok can be used to show the proof of an unmarked patronymic. There are many more examples throughout
Wickenden (that I used them to document given names rather than
unmarked
patronymics was because of the priority of the book to document given
names and
not bynames).
Wickenden,
A Dictionary of Period Russian
Names,p. 164, s.n. Kotok, states that <Kotok> is a diminutive
of
<Kot>. Ibid., s.n. Kot, gives <Kulik Kotok> dated to c.1495.
Wickenden,
op. cit., p. 202, s.n. Mariia, gives
this spelling as the Russianization of Mary and cites an occurrence in
the 2nd
half of the 12th Century.
Wickenden,
op. cit., p. ix, gives the transliteration of the Cyrillic
letter <И> as the Roman <I> in all
systems, and that of the Cyrillic
<Й>
as the Roman <I> in the Library of Congress System and the
Revised
English System, but as the Roman <J> in the International
Phonetic
system. Thus, the Russian < Марийа > would
be transliterated as <Mariia>
in both the Library of Congress system and the Revised English System,
but as
<Marija> in the International Phonetic system.
23.
Marija Kotok –Device Resubmission
Azure, in pale a
lion-dragon passant Or and an open
book argent charged with in fess a flower gules slipped sable and a
quill pen
gules.
Her name was
registered as <Mariia Kotova> in
March of 2006 via Æthelmearc. Her request for change of name to
<Mariia
Kotokova> appears above.
Her
previous submission, Azure, in pale a
lion-dragon passant Or and an open book charged with a flower and a
quill pen
argent, was returned in Marc 2006 for problems with contrast. The
tertiaries on the book have been changed to gules to fix the problem.
24.
Mathias syn Kotok – Name Change from Mathias Kotov
The name
is intended to be masculine. The
submitter will not accept major changes and states no preference
meaning,
sound, spelling or language/culture.
The submitter is not requesting authenticity.
His
current name, originally submitted as
<Mathias Kotok> was accepted at Laurel in March 2006.
Because the
originally submitted byname <Kotok> is a given name, and unmarked
patronymics do not appear in Russian, Laurel crafted the patronymic
<Kotov> from the name <Kot>, of which <Kotok>
is a
diminutive. The submitter wishes the College to consider registration
of
<syn Kotok> as a patronymic byname constructed from the
diminutive
<Kotok>.
Wickenden,
A Dictionary of Period Russian
Names,p. 164, s.n. Kotok, states that <Kotok> is a diminutive
of
<Kot>. Loc. cit., s.n. Kot, gives <Kulik Kotok> dated to
c.1495.
Wickenden,
op. cit., p. xxii, in “Grammar”
states that it was common to add the word <syn> (“son”) to the
“unaltered” form of the father’s given name, and that usually, the word
syn
was placed after the patronymic but could also precede the patronymic.
The
submitter wish the <syn> to precede the unaltered form.
25.
Mathias syn Kotok – Device Resubmission
Quarterly argent
and Or, a dragon gules winged sable
breathing flames proper.
His name
was registered as <Mathias
Kotov> in March of 2006 via Æthelmearc. His request for change
of name to
<Mathias syn Kotok> appears above.
His
previous submission, Azure, on a plate
embattled argent, a cross pointed between four Passion nails, heads to
center,
gules, was returned for having two different tertiary groups on the
same
charge.
The
original emblazon caused concern to our
commenters. Firstly, the color emblazon completely obliterated all
internal
detailing on the wings. Secondly, it was felt that the wings were
overly large
compared to the body of the dragon. We have redrawn the device at
kingdom. The
original emblazons may be viewed at
http://www.aeheralds.net/Letters/AE98/iloi.html
26.
Míchél Ó Murchadha – New Device
Per
pale gules and argent, a chalice and a lion
counterchanged and on a chief vert, three harps Or.
This name
was registered February 2006 via
Æthelmearc.
27.
Myra Frogbayn – New Name and
Device
Per
pale vert and argent, a frog
counterchanged.
The name
is intended to be feminine. The submitter
will not accept major changes and cares most about the sound “Mee-ra
frog-bayn”. The submitter is not
requesting authenticity.
Myra – Withycombe, p. 225, s.n. Myra, states: this
name appears to have been invented by Fulke Greville, Lord Brook
(1554-1628),
who wrote love poems to a lady whom he so designated (e.g. in his poem
‘I, with
whose colours Myra dressed her hair’).”
<Myra
of the Glen> was accepted by Laurel
without comment in September of 2004.
Frogbayn
–
constructed byname
Frog – Black, The Surnames of Scotland, p.
281, s.n. Frog, gives <Alexander Frog> dated 1447 and <John
Frog>
dated 1509.
-bayn –Jönsjö, Jan, Studies On Middle English
Nicknames, I. Compounds, gives Bolbayn (1269) Bollebayn (1327),
Cokbayn
(1338), Cranebayn (1218), Coltebayn (1332), and Gaytbayn (1324) . These all derive from Old Norse beinn
meaning “leg” (i.e. Bull-legged, cock-legged, etc.).
28.
Rhiannon of Ravenglass – New Name
The name
is intended to be feminine. The
submitter has not checked off either change disallowance, but notes
that “if
the name needs to be changed to be registered add the middle name
GAIA.” She
does not state a preference for meaning, sound, spelling or
language/culture. The submitter is not requesting
authenticity.
Rhiannon
– has been ruled SCA compatible [Rhiannon of
Pembroke Castle, 09/99, A-An Tir].
Ravenglass
– Mills,
A Dictionary of English Place-Names, p. 284, s.n. Ravenglass,
gives the
header form as an undated placename in Cumbria and gives
<Rengles> c.
1180, meaning “’Lot or share of a man called Glas’. OIrish rann
+ pers.
Name.”
Ekwall,
p.
381, s.n. Ravenglass, gives <Rengles> c. 1170, <Renglas>
1208,
<Reynglas> c. 1250, and <Ravenglas> 1297.
29.
Robert ap Howel ap Dewi – New Name
and Device
Argent,
a stag at gaze sable, a chief embattled
vert.
The name
is intended to be masculine. The
submitter will accept all changes and cares most about
language/culture. The
submitter is requesting authenticity to 13th century Welsh
language/culture.
A previous
name and device submission under
<Robert de Hwyll> was returned in the Middle in November 1999,
for this
reason:
"The client's previous
name submission, Robert da Hwyll, was returned by Rouge Scarpe in 3/99
for
multiple grammatical problems. The client has retained the sound of the
name
but has come up with an entirely new (and much more plausible) meaning
for it.
This submission was pended in 9/99 because the submission included no
documentation. I attempted to find documentation for a Welsh region
called
Hwyl, with no success. Since we haven't heard back from the client, I'm
going
to have to return the name.".
Robert – Withycombe, p. 254, s.n. Robert, states that
the names appeared in the Domesday Book and “has been a favourite name
ever
since.”
Tangwystyl
verch Morgant Glasvryn, “A Simple Guide
to Constructing 13th Century Welsh Names” (WWW: Heather Rose Jones,
1996),
http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/welsh13.html, lists <Robert>
among the
names with at least five occurrences in the data on which the article
is based
(The Merioneth Lay Subsidy Roll of 1292-3).
Howel – Originally submitted as <Hywel>.
Tangwystyl verch Morgant Glasvryn, op. cit., lists <Hywel> as the
standardized form of the documented <Howel> among the names with
at least
five occurances in the data set. As the submitter has requested
authenticity,
we have changed it from the normalized form to the documented form.
Dewi - Morgan, & Morgan, Welsh Surnames, p. 81, s.n. Dafydd, David, Dewi, state that
“Dewi and Dafydd represent two stages of borrowing David
(through Latin) into Welsh. The form Dewi (v. LHEB 427)
shows the
loss of the final –dd which the name would have in it’s earliest
Welsh
form; the loss of final –dd is not an invariable characteristic
of
Welsh, but it does occur in a number of instances… The other change in
the
process of borrowing is the affection of –a into e
before i. (The
early instances of the name in the form Degui, as in LL 275,
have the
orthographic device or mannerism of using qu for w.)”
The
submission form notes that “Dewi was rare
in period, Dafydd or David was more usual. Client will accept any of
the
three.”
30.
Selime Berna– New Name
The name
is intended to be feminine. The
submitter will accept all changes and cares most about sound. Submitter
expresses a preference to keep Berna in the same form. The submitter is
not
requesting authenticity.
Selime - Whitcher, Ursula, “Sixteenth Century Turkish
Names,”. http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/ursula/ottoman/, under Women’s
Names (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/ursula/ottoman/feminine.html),
lists <Selime>
as a feminine Muslim name.
Berna – According to the submitter, this is a Turkish
feminine name meaning “little one, young one.” Submitter's source is a
native
Turkish speaker who offers that it is used as a proper name in modern
Turkey.
Cornelian
attests: “In the course of reviewing
this submission, I spoke with a native Turkish speaker, Mr. Hakki
Karaman,
Director of the Syracuse Academy of Science, Syracuse, NY (which our
children
attend). He states that <Berna> is a familiar Turkish feminine
given name.
He further states that it is known to him as a surname, although it’s
‘not very
common.’”
Türk
Telekom: Beyaz Sayfalar (Turkey’s white
pages online) [URL: http://www.ttrehber.gov.tr/trk-wp/IDA2] lists a
<Saadet
Berna> in Ankara, a <Bora Berna> in Istanbul area code 212,
and three
persons with the surname in Istanbul area code 216: <Didem
Berna>,
<Ülkü Berna> and <Şükran Berna>. In all
cases, the search was made
by entering <Berna> in the “surname" field (“Soyadi”) in the
search
form.
Ferrante laVolpe , “Italian Names
from Florence, 1427” [URL:
http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/ferrante/catasto/]
counts three occurances of the patronymic <Berna> .
In
addition, a search on the surname
<Berna> on the genealogical database of the Church of the Latter
Day
Saints at [http://www.familysearch.org/] yields several persons with
the
surname <Berna> either within, or close to, our period:
Alicia Berna -
Gender: Female Marriage: 04 MAY 1572 , London, England
FRANCOY BERNA -
Gender: Male Christening: 25 AUG 1644 Threadneedle Street French
Huguenot,
London, London, England
WILLIA BERNA -
Gender: Male Christening: 02 FEB 1616 Minsterworth, Gloucester, England
BERNARD BERNA -
Gender: Male Birth: About 1574 <Bellevaux, , , France>
Ida Berna - Gender:
Female Marriage: 1604 Of Altachen, , , Switzerland
Marie Berna - Gender:
Female Christening: 02 JAN 1628 Waals Hervormde Kerk, Amsterdam, Noord
Holland,
Netherlands
Bernardo Berna -
Gender: Male Birth: 05 SEP 1584 Savigliano, Cuneo, Italy
We note
that the combination of English and
Turkish has been ruled one step from period practice [Mihrimah the
Traveler,
10/01]. We would expect to see even closer contact between Italy and
Turkey in
our period.
31.
Sion ap Rhainallt – New Name
The name
is intended to be masculine. The
submitter will accept no changes other than as noted below and does not
state a
preference for meaning, sound, spelling or language/culture. The submitter is not requesting authenticity.
Sion – Tangwystyl verch
Morgant Glasvryn, "A Welsh Miscellany", p. 31, lists <Sion> as
a Welsh masculine given name.
ap – Welsh meaning “son [of]”
Rhainallt
- Morgan, & Morgan, Welsh Surnames, p. 182, s.n. Rheinallt, give:
Rynallt
ap Hugh ap Hwylkyn (1429)
Reinalld
ap Ieuan (time of Henry VII)
Reynold
ap Juo ap Griffith
Raynallt
ap Evan (time of James I)
Under
Shropshire Registers is given:
ap
Rainold
Submitter
notes the name appears with “ei”,
“ey”, “ay” in dated sources. He would prefer to register the “ai” form
as a
variant of the documented spellings. He
also notes <Rhain> as documented in “A Welsh Miscellany” [p. 31].
If the
name is not registerable in the desired
form, the submitter will reluctantly allow <Rhainallt> to be
replaced
with <Rhain>.
32.
Safiye bint Kara Sun’üllah – New Device
Azure,
a fess wavy Or ermined azure and in
chief three thistles Or.
The name
was registered February 2006 via
Æthelmearc.
33.
Sultana bint Mihail – New Name
The name
is intended to be feminine. The
submitter will accept any changes and does not state a preference for
meaning,
sound, spelling or language/culture.
The submitter is not requesting authenticity.
Sultana
- Whitcher, Ursula, “Sixteenth Century
Turkish
Names,”. http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/ursula/ottoman/, under Women’s
Names
(http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/ursula/ottoman/feminine.html), lists
<Sultana>
as both a Christian and a Jewish feminine name.
bint - Ibid., under Name Structure, gives <bint>
as the Arabic for “daughter of” as used in Turkish names.
Mihail
- Whitcher, Ursula, “Sixteenth Century
Turkish
Names,”. http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/ursula/ottoman/, under Men’s
Names
(http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/ursula/ottoman/masculine.html), lists
<Mihail> as a Christian masculine name.
We note
that RfS VI.1 disallows names that
claim rank, and that <Sultana> is an approved alternate title for
Queen,
according to the List of Alternate Titles found at
http://www.sca.org/heraldry/titles.html. However, RfS VI.1 state in
part:
Names
documented to have been used in period may be used, even if they were
derived
from titles, provided there is no suggestion of territorial claim or
explicit
assertion of rank. For example, Regina the Laundress
is acceptable but Regina of Germany is
not.
We do not
find a territorial claim inherent in
the byname. We do not believe there is an “explicit” assertion of rank.
We
defer to Pelican’s judgment on the matter.
34.
Tristán Isidro de Alcaçar – New Badge
(Fieldless)
On a tower sable masoned argent, a
pair of shears Or.
His name
submission appears on the Æthelmearc
Letter of Intent of April 20, 2006.
35.
Tymnes the Scythian – New Name
The name
is intended to be masculine. The
submitter will not accept major or minor changes and does not state a
preference for meaning, sound, spelling or language/culture. The
submitter is
not requesting authenticity.
Tymnes –
Smith, William, ed., Dictionary of
Greek and Roman Antiquities
(1870), online version at
http://www.ancientlibrary.com/smith-bio/index.html
(WWW: Tim Spalding, 2006), v. 3, page 1195, [URL:
http://www.ancientlibrary.com/smith-bio/3528.html] s.n. Tymnes,
describes one
Tymnes as an epigrammatic Greek poet, possibly a contemporary of
Meleager [4th
Century B.C.E. according to Smith, op. cit., vol. 2, p. 1016, s.n.
Meleager at
http://www.ancientlibrary.com/smith-bio/2124.html]. Smith further
states that
<Tymnes> occurs as a Carian name in Herodotus [born c. 484
B.C.E.,
according to Smith, op. cit. vol. 2, p. 431,s.n. Herodotus, at
http://www.ancientlibrary.com/smith-bio/1539.html]
The
Lexicon of Greek Personal Names at
http://www.lgpn.ox.ac.uk/cgi-bin/lex3.pl does not include
<Tymnes>, the
closest found was <Tumnias> (or <Tymnias>), found once in
vol. 1.
Scythian
– Wikipedia, s.n. Scythia,
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scythia, states that Herodotus described
the
Scythians, and quotes:
“The
Sacae, or Scyths, were clad in trousers… They were in truth Amyrgian
(Western)
Scythians, but the Persians called them Sacae, since that is the name
which
they gave to all Scythians.” (Herodotus VII. 64)
Hazlitt,
William, The Classical Gazetteer, at
http://www.ancientlibrary.com/gazetteer/index.html,
p. 311, s.n. Scythia, states:
At
first a country of Europe, bet. Carpathus m. and the Tanais;
afterwards, as
Scythia Propria, understodd by Ptolemy to be a country of Asia,
extending bet.
The Tanais and Serica, bounded s. by Sogdiana, Hyrcania, Margiana,
&c. It
was intersencted by Imaus m., and distributed accordingly into Scythia
intra
Imaum E. and Scythia extra Imaum E.
36.
Ulrich von Baden – New Name and
Device
Sable,
on a chevron throughout Or seven mullets
sable and in base a spear palewise enfiled by a serpent Or.
The name
is intended to be masculine. The submitter
will accept any changes, cares
most about language culture and is requesting authenticity for 15th-16th
Century German language / culture.
Ulrich
- Talan Gwynek, "Late Period German
Masculine Given Names: Names from 14th Century Plauen,”
http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/talan/germmasc/plauen14.html, lists
<Ulrich> occurring between 1351 and 1400.
Aryanhwy
merch Catmael, "German Names from
Nürnburg. 1497,”
http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/german/nurnberg1497.html,
cites 79 occurrences of the name in the article’s data set
von
Baden – Wikipedia, s.n. History of Baden,
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Baden, dates the founding of
theseparate history of the regional territory of Baden, Germany to 1112.
InterNet
Archiv Pforzheim, “Die Pest: Das große
Sterben um 1500” (WWW: Claus Kuge, 2006) [URL:
http://www.loebliche-singer-pforzheim.de/DiePestUm1500.html] includes a
woodcut
by Hans Baldung Grien from 1511 of the Christopher I, Margrave of Baden
from
1453 – 1527. The caption on the woodcut reads: Christofer Marchio
Badensis.
Since the
name “Baden” means “Bath” in German,
the name was given to several localities, many of which had been the
site of
Roman baths. One of these is Baden-Baden Germany. Another is Baden,
Switzerland.
Historic
Cities, “Map of Baden, 1550, Sebastian
Munster” (WWW: The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 2006) [URL:
http://historic-cities.huji.ac.il/switzerland/baden/maps/munster_lat_1550_390.html]
includes a woodcut, dated by the university to 1550, of Baden,
Switzerland. The
Latin caption reads: De Germania, Liber III, Designatio ciuitatis
Badensis
Helueticæ, una cum oppidulo thermarum. The upper part of the town
is labeled on
the woodcut as “Ober Baden”.
37. Umm
Khalida Naila bint Abd al-Rahim – New
Name and Device
Per
pale sable and gules,a cat sejant
reguardant and in chief a roundel and a sun Or.
The name
is intended to be feminine. The
submitter will accept any changes and cares most about the sound. The submitter is not requesting authenticity.
Umm
Khalida – a kunya
meaning “mother of Khalida.” Juliana de Luna, “Jewish Names in an Arab
Context:
Occupational and Locative Bynames from the Geniza of Cairo”, KWHS 2006,
describes a kunya as an honorific byname denoting a literal or
figurative parental relationship that is placed before an unmodified
given
name.
<Khalida>
is found in Da'ud ibn Auda,
"Period Arabic Names and Naming Practices,"
http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/arabic-naming2.htm, as a
feminine ism
(given name).
Naila -
found in Da'ud ibn Auda, "Period Arabic
Names and Naming Practices" as a feminine ism.
bint – Arabic meaning “daughter of”
Abd
al-Rahim – found in Juliana de
Luna, “Juliana de Luna, "Andalusian Names: Arabs in Spain" at
http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/andalusia.html.
38.
Werner Barg – New Name and Device
Azure,
on a fess between two mullets argent, a
mastiff statant sable between two mullets azure.
The name
is intended to be masculine. The
submitter will not accept major changes and cares most about the sound. The submitter is not requesting authenticity.
Werner
– Bahlow, p. 548, s.n. Werner describes the
name
as “very popular in the Middle Ages as attested by numerous U[pper
]Ger[man]
and L[ower ]Ger[man] sh[ort] f[orms].”
Talan
Gwynek, "Medieval German Given Names
from Silesia,"
http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/bahlow_v.htm,dates
this spelling to 1281, 1314, 1317.
Barg – Bahlow, p. 28, s.n. Barg, describes the name as
partly based on place names and partly toponymic, meaning mountain or
hill.
Occurs frequently in Hamburg as “von Bargen”. German placenames include
two
occurances or Bargen (in Holstein) as well as Barge (in Stade).
Locative byname
for one living near or on a mountain.”
39.
William de Duglas – New Name
The name
is intended to be masculine. The
submitter will not accept major changes and does not state a preference
for
meaning, sound, spelling or language/culture. The submitter is not
requesting
authenticity.
William
– Black, p. 816, s.n. William, gives:
<William
the Lion>, early king of
Scotland, 1165-1214
Ibid.,
s.n. Williamson gives:
<Johannes
filius Wilelmi> 1317
<Adam,
son of William> 1343
The
submitter specifically allows, but does not
request, the given name to be shortened to <Will>.
Duglas
– Black, p. 218, s.n. Douglas, dates
<William
de Duglas> to between 1175 and 1199.
The
concern was raised that this might conflict
with William O. Douglas, U.S. Supreme Court Judge.
40.
Wolfgang Güntherssohn – New
Household Name: Eberhaus
The
submitter will not accept major changes and
cares most about German language/culture. The submitter specifically
allows the
order of the name elements to be switched in addition to minor changes. The submitter is not requesting authenticity.
His name
was registered in August 2003 via
Æthelmearc.
Eberhaus
–constructed German household name
meaning “Boar House”
Eber – Bahlow, p. 92, s.n. Eber, states
The F[amily ]N[ame] was also promoted through house
names, e.g. Henne zum Eber, Fr[an]kf[ort] 1387 (also Strasb.).
and notes
that the word Eber means “boar.”
Haus – Brechenmacher, vol. I, p. 669, s.n. Haus
states that the name has survived from the older term “vom H.” and “ab
dem H.”
[submitter translates as “from the house” or “of the house of”] and
refers to
an actual house or structure, like a stone house.
<Haus>
has previously been registered as
a household designator [Haus Ziemer, 1/01 Meridies]
41.
Wolfgang Güntherssohn – New Badge
(Fieldless)
A boar courant per pale gules and
sable.
This name
was registered August 2003 via
Æthelmearc.
42.
Wolfstanus le Strange – New Name
The name
is intended to be masculine. The
submitter will accept all changes and does not state a preference for
meaning,
sound, or language/culture. The submitter is not requesting
authenticity.
The given
name was submitted to kingdom as
<Wulfstanus>. The submission form indicated that the submitter
had wanted
the name <Wolfstanus>, but the submitting herald had been unable
to find
documentation for that spelling, and so substituted <Wulfstanus>. We have contacted the client and verified
his preference for <Wolfstanus>. Since documentation was found
for that
spelling, we have changed the given name at kingdom to the client’s
desired
form.
Wolfstanus – Aryanhwy merch Catmael,
“14th Century Worcestershire Names” (WWW: Sara L. Uckelman, 2005) [URL:
http://www.ellipsis.cx/~liana/names/english/worc14.html] has one example of
<Wolfstanus>. Albion, in
commentary, states that the combination of a Latinized given name and a
vernacular byname is not at all uncommon in 13th and 14th C records.
This
concludes the Æthelmearc External Letter of Intent for October
26, 2006.
We count 23 new primary names, 16 new devices, 7 new badges, 3 changes of name and 1 new household name for a total of 50 payable items.
We count 3 resubmitted devices for a total of 3 non-payable items. We count 53 items in total.
A check for $200 will be forwarded to Laurel separately.